1. Homologous Structures and Embryos  Catalyst  Whales evolved from mammals. Do they have more DNA in common with cows or sharks?  Humans share 30% of their DNA with daffodils, and 65% of their DNA with frogs. Which animal are they more closely related to?  Land animals evolved from animals that lived in the ocean. Draw a transitional fossil between the two. Write in complete sentences! Don’t talk during the Catalyst!

2. Objectives By the end of today, all SWBAT…  Explain how homologous structures support the theory of evolution  Compare the development of different animal embryos

3. Agenda  Review  Homologous Structures  In Embryos  Guided Practice  Independent Practice/Homework  Closing  Exit Questions

4. Catalyst Review  Whales evolved from mammals. Do they have more DNA in common with cows or sharks?  Cows!  The more DNA an organism shares with another, the more closely related they are.  Humans share 30% of their DNA with daffodils, and 65% of their DNA with frogs. Which animal are they more closely related to?  Humans are more related to frogs than daffodils.  The more DNA an organism shares with another, the more closely related they are.

5. Catalyst Review  Land animals evolved from animals that lived in the ocean. Draw a transitional fossil between the two.  A transitional fossil is the fossil of an organism that has traits in between its ancient ancestors and species that came after it.

6. Homework Review

7. Human Evolution  Homo habilis  H. ergaster  H. erectus  H. heidelbergensis  H. sapiens and H. neanderthalensis

8. Side-by-Side

9. Comparative Anatomy  Scientists can compare the anatomy of different organisms to figure out how closely they are related.  Anatomy = body structure

10. Homologous Structures  Homologous structure: parts of different species that have the SAME structure and position  Key Point #1:  Homologous structures show that two species evolved from a common ancestor  Two species possess a homologous structure BECAUSE they both inherited it from a common ancestor

11. Humans, cats, whales, and bats all inherited their forearm from the same common ancestor

12. Pigs and humans both have pancreases that produce insulin  Pig and human pancreases are _______ structures.  What does this tell us about human/pig evolution?

13. Embryos  Key Point #2  All animal embryos have gill slits and tails  Embryo = organism in the early stages of its development  What type of structure are these?  Think-pair-share: What does this tell us about animal evolution!?

14. The fact that all animal embryos have gill slits shows that ALL animals evolved from the SAME common ancestor

15. The fact that all animal embryos have tails shows that ALL animals evolved from the SAME common ancestor

16. Which one is the cow embryo? cat cow horse human

17. Notes Reflection  How do homologous structures provide evidence for evolution?  Homologous structures show that two organisms evolved from a common ancestor ADD IT!!! If you can’t find the answer…

18. Notes Reflection  What parts of animal embryos are homologous?  Gill slit  Tail ADD IT!!! If you can’t find the answer…

19. Notes Reflection  What do homologous structures in animal embryos tell us about their evolution?  All animals evolved from the same common ancestor ADD IT!!! If you can’t find the answer…

20. Test Prep (5 minutes)  What is the definition of a homologous structure?  What do homologous structures, in general, tell us about how two species evolved?  Dog feet and lizard claws are examples of homologous structures. What do these structures say about how dogs and lizards evolved? SWITCH!!!

21. Test Prep (5 minutes)  What is am embryo?  What parts of animal embryos are homologous?  What does this imply about animal evolution?  All animal embryos begin looking very similar. What happens to them as they develop? SWITCH!!!

22. Test Prep (10 minutes)  Juanita says that frogs cannot be related to bears because adult frogs look so different from adult bears. Explain to her how we can use the appearance of frog and bear embryos to prove that they are related.  Daniel notices that all organisms use the same four bases in their DNA: A, T, G, and C. What does this tell us about how they evolved? SWITCH!!!

23. Independent Practice (IP)  Get an early start on the homework.

24. Key Point Wrap-Up  Key Point #1: Homologous structures show that two species evolved from a common ancestor  Key Point #2: All animal embryos have gill slits and tails  These are homologous structures  All animals evolved from a common ancestor!!!

25. Exit Question: Choose one option Write in complete sentences!  What is one thing that human embryos and dolphins embryos both have in common?  What kind of structure is this?  How do these structures provide evidence for evolution?  What is one thing that human embryos and dolphins embryos both have in common?  What kind of structure is this?  How do these structures provide evidence for evolution?  Dogs and alligators both have long snouts that allow their jaws to open wide.  What kind of structure is this?  How do these structures provide evidence for evolution?  Dogs and alligators both have long snouts that allow their jaws to open wide.  What kind of structure is this?  How do these structures provide evidence for evolution?