1. Syphilis (+) Methods Interview Center Screening, informed consent Free coupon for free testing Reward & 2 coupons for recruiting other IDUs HIV (+) Free ARV treatment Free Syphilis Treatment Free CD4 test & Chest X-ray This process (respondent driven sampling) is continued until the number of IDUs recruited reach 210 Interview Risk Behavior among Current and Former Injecting Drug Users in Bandung, Indonesia IMPACT (5-year program for HIV care and drug addiction in West Java, Indonesia) is funded by the European Union S. Iskandar 1,2, D. A.E.P Basar 1, T. Hidayat 1, I.M.P. Siregar 1, L. Pinxten 2, R. van Crevel 3, A.J.A.M. Van der Ven 3, C.A.J. de Jong 5 1 Padjajaran University/ Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia 2 Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands 3 Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, the Netherlands 4 Nijmegen Institute for Scientist-Practitioners in Addiction (NISPA); Nijmegen, the Netherlands Efforts to prevent HIV-transmission through injecting drug use (IDU) mostly target subjects who regularly inject The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the people with a history of previous IDU (former IDUs) is high Former IDUs are more accepted by community The transmission of HIV from former IDUs to the general community is especially through sexual contacts. to explore and compare the characteristics and the risk behaviors among current and former IDUs  a better understanding of these risk behaviors may contribute to the design of specifically tailored prevention programs Characteristics of IDUs (n=210) Objective Introduction Free HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis Test Get a coupon Payment for recruiting other IDUs New respondents Results (1) Total group (N = 210) fIDUs (N = 92) cIDUs (N = 118) P-value Age27,8 (3,8)28,1 (4,0)27,5 (3,8)0,639 Age first time use drug14,0 (2,8)14,2 (3,3)13,8 (2,2)0,314 Age first time inject18 (3,1)18,4 (3,1)17,8 (3,1)0,168 Years of injecting in life time 7,1 (3,8)5,5 (3,6)8,4 (3,4)P<0,01** Gender0,117 Male194 (92)82 (89)112 (95) Female 16 (8)10 (11)6 (5) Marital Status0,352 Ever married 91 (43)42 (45)49 (41) Never married119 (57)50 (55)69 (59) Education Junior high school or under 12 (6)4(4)8 (7) Senior high school164 (77)74 (80)90 (76) Diploma or higher34 (17)14 (14)20 Risk Behavior fIDUs N = 92 N (%) cIDUs N = 118 N (%) X2X2 P Injecting risk behavior Yes No 12 (13) 80 (87) 90 (76) 28 (24) 82,7 3 p<0,01** Sexual risk behavior Yes No 39 (42) 53(58) 65 (56) 52 (44) 3,570,06 Other skin penetration risk behavior Yes No 47 (52) 44 (48) 62 (53) 56 (47) 0,020,90 Results (3) HIV Status among IDUs Results (2) Former IDUs Current IDUs Conclusion High HIV prevalence among former & current IDUs Former & current IDUs engaged with high sexual & other skin penetration risk behavior Harm reduction program should address current as well as former IDUs to prevent the spread of HIV to non-drug users Acknowledgments We would like to thank Prof. Cissy B. Sudjana Prawira, Director of Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, and Prof. Eri Surahman, Dean of the Medical Faculty Padjadjaran University for encouraging and accommodating research in their institutions. Municipal health department, the interviewers, Rinske de Graaff Stoffers, Mark Holland, staffs and ORC from Salam Primary Health Center. Rumah Cemara, Bahtera, PKBI, and Grapiks are thanked for their valuable help