1. (Cell Respiration, Mitosis) & PHO-TO-SYNTHESIS LET’S GET INTO THIS!

2. Vocabulary Review Answers 1. a 9. chromosomes 2. b 10. centrosomes 3. a 11. spindle 4. c 12. a 5. d 13. c 6. a 14. b 7. e 15. a 8. b

3. Science Skills Answers 1. b 2. e 3. g 4. a 5. d 6. h 7. c 8. f 9. anaphase 10. telophase 11. metaphase 12. prophase 13. 3 14. 2 15. 4 16. 1

4. #1 How does cytokinesis in animal cells differ from cytokinesis in plant cells?

5. #1 a. In animal cells, the loop of DNA attaches to the cell membrane, whereas in plant cells it does not. b. In animal cells, the formation of the cell membrane involves vesicles, whereas in plant cells it does not. c. In animal cells, protein threads pinch the dividing cell in half, whereas in plant cells a cell plate forms down the middle of the dividing cell. d. Both (a) and (b)

6. #2 Which of these structures is found only in a dividing animal cell and not in any other type of dividing cell?

7. #2 a. centrioles b. centrosomes c. a spindle d. sister chromatids

8. #3 During which phase of mitosis do chromatids line up along the equator of the dividing cell?

9. #3 a. anaphase b. metaphase c. interphase d. prophase

10. #4 In which order do the four stages of mitosis occur?

11. #4 a. anaphase, interphase, prophase, and telophase b. prophase, anaphase, metaphase, and telophase c. interphase, prophase, anaphase, and telophase d. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase

12. Mitosis Movie Movie

13. #5 What do all cells need to do before they begin to divide?

14. #5 a. form a daughter cell b. form a cell plate c. uncoil their DNA d. copy their DNA

15. #6 DNA is coiled in chromosomes so it can…

16. #6 DNA is coiled in chromosomes so it can a. be packed into a small space. b. wind around the essential proteins. c. can code for RNA and proteins. d. form a centrosome.

17. #7 How do chromosomes of eukaryotes compare with chromosomes of prokaryotes?

18. #7 a. Eukaryotes have a single chromosome, whereas prokaryotes have a number of chromosomes. b. Eukaryotes have chromosomes in the form of a ring, whereas prokaryotes have condensed chromatin in their chromosomes. c. Eukaryotes have chromosomes made of DNA and proteins in a condensed form, whereas prokaryotes have a twisted loop of DNA. d. Both (a) and (b)

19. #8 Large cells are difficult to maintain. How do cells overcome this problem?

20. #8 a. They double their DNA. b. They coil DNA around proteins. c. They take in more nutrients. d. They undergo cell division.

21. #9 What is the purpose of cellular respiration?

22. #9 a. to store carbohydrates b. to produce energy from carbohydrates c. to produce oxygen d. to store oxygen in water

23. Cellular Respiration Movie Powerhouse of the cell Powerhouse of the cell Powerhouse of the cell Powerhouse of the cell

24. #10 What is the main way cells get energy from ATP?

25. #10 a. by using water to release energy from the molecule b. by breaking the single phosphate bond in the molecule c. by breaking one of the two phosphate bonds in the molecule d. by breaking one of the three phosphate bonds in the molecule

26. #11 Which do plants need to complete making sugars via photosynthesis?

27. #11 a. glucose b. oxygen c. alcohol d. carbon dioxide

28. #12 In glycolysis,

29. #12 a. glucose is produced. b. aerobic processes produce energy-storing sugars. c. one molecule of ATP and one molecule of NADPH are produced. d. one molecule of pyruvate and four molecules of ATP are produced.

30. #13 Which of these occurs during the Calvin cycle?

31. #13 a. An animal cell produces a net total of two molecules of ATP. b. An animal cell produces up to a net total of 36 molecules of ATP. c. A plant cell produces one energy-storing sugar molecule. d. A plant cell produces up to 36 energy- storing sugar molecules.

32. Photosynthesis Song http://www.teachertube.com/v.php?vi ewkey=ae32e2ab61810ae2133e http://www.teachertube.com/v.php?vi ewkey=ae32e2ab61810ae2133e http://www.teachertube.com/v.php?vi ewkey=ae32e2ab61810ae2133e http://www.teachertube.com/v.php?vi ewkey=ae32e2ab61810ae2133e

33. #14 Which of these are end products of the Krebs cycle?

34. #14 a. ATP, NADH, and FADH2 b. ATP and oxygen c. ATP and pyruvate d. ATP and energy-storing starch

35. #15 Which of the following is never part of cellular respiration?

36. #15 a. an electron transport chain b. glycolysis c. the Krebs cycle d. the Calvin cycle

37. #16 The most efficient form of cellular respiration requires…

38. #16 The most efficient form of cellular respiration requires a. carbon dioxide as a source for making energy- storing molecules. b. water as a source of excited electrons in electron transport chains. c. oxygen as an electron acceptor so electron carriers can be recycled. d. lactic acid as an electron acceptor so electron carriers can be recycled.

39. #17 Which substances are involved in two different types of fermentation?

40. #17 a. ethanol and lactic acid b. glucose and ethanol c. glucose and oxygen d. lactic acid and glucose

41. #18 What is the net number of ATP molecules that can be produced through cellular respiration?

42. #18 a. 41 b. 38 c. 36 d. 2