1. Bill of Rights

2. The Bill of Rights
The first 10 Amendments of the Constitution are called the Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights does 2 main things:
- Protects Citizen's Rights
- Limits the Power of Govt.

3. 1st Amendment Citizens are guaranteed: - Freedom of Speech
- Freedom of Religion
- Freedom of Press
- Freedom of Assembly
- Freedom to Petition Govt.

4. 2nd Amendment Guarantees Citizens & States:
- The Right to organize & maintain a militia in time of peace
- The right of citizens to bear arms to support the militia

5. 3rd Amendment Guarantees Citizens:
- Will not have to quarter (house & feed) troops in time of peace
- Reaction to what British act (law)?

6. 4th Amendment Protects Citizens against illegal search & seizures
Govt. must obtain a search warrant in order to search private domain and confiscate personal property
Exception: Probable Cause Plain View Law

7. 5th Amendment Rights of the Accused: - Self-Incrimination Clause
-Double Jeopardy
- Due Process of Law

8. 6th Amendment
Guarantees additional rights to those accused of a crime, including:
-Trial by jury
-Speedy & Impartial Jury
-Entitled to a lawyer

9. 7th Amendment Guarantees citizens:
Right to trial in civil cases if amount of money involved exceeds $20
Examples:
-Lawsuits
-Civil Violations

10. 8th Amendment Guarantees citizens accused of a crime:
- Protection from Cruel
& Unusual Punishment
- Protection against
excessive bail
excessive fines

11. 9th Amendment
States that the rights listed in the Constitution are not the only rights guaranteed to citizens
-Ensures private domain
- Right to choose our friends
- Right to choose our job
- Right to have children

12. 10th Amendment
States that any powers not given to the National govt. (Delegated Powers) are reserved or held by the states (Reserved Powers)‏

13. Powers & Clauses of the Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights has several important clauses that protect our Civil Liberties, including:
- Establishment Clause (1st Amend.)‏
- Free Exercise Clause (1st Amend.)‏
- Exclusionary Rule (4th Amend.)‏
- Self-Incrimination Clause (5th Amend.)‏
- Double Jeopardy Clause (5th Amend.)‏
- Confrontation Clause (6th Amend.)‏
- Implied Right to Privacy (3rd, 4th, 9th Amend.)‏

14. Establishment Clause Govt. can not set up a church
Can't pass laws that target/benefit one particular religion
Can't force or deny religion to one person
Can't sponsor a religion

15. Free Exercise Clause No punishments for religious beliefs or rituals
No tax can be levied to support any religious activity or institution (like a school) that teaches religion

16. Examples of 1st Amendment Clauses
Denies the following from happening:
Teaching the Bible in school
Tax money to church-affiliated schools
Prayer at graduation ceremonies
Religious statues/plaques in govt. buildings and schools

17. Exclusionary Rule
Govt. can not use material / information in a court of law if it was taken during an ILLEGAL search & seizure

18. Self-Incrimination Clause
No person can be forced to be a witness against themselves (I plead the 5th!)‏

19. Double Jeopardy
You can't be charged with the same crime twice once found guilty or innocent
Exception: In appeals from convicted person in jail (re-trial)‏

20. Confrontation Clause
The right to confront (question) a witness who is accusing you of a crime
Important? Protection from: - Lies - Heresay - Revenge
Right to question
credibility of witness

21. Implied Right to Privacy
Ensures Private Domain
What amendments “imply” the right to privacy?
What are some example activities protected by this right?

22. Implied Right to Privacy
Wire tapping without a warrant
Right to have an abortion
Protection from Illegal Search & Seizure
Right to home privacy (Video Surveillance, Vulgarity, Right to Die)‏