1. PASSIVE VOICE (PRESENT SIMPLE)

2. the model the photographer photographs The photographer photographs the model

3. The photographer the model. photographs SUBJECT VERBDIRECT OBJECT ACTIVE VOICE (the subject performs an action)

4. The photographerphotographsthe model. SUBJECTVERBDIRECT OBJECT The model by the photographer. is photographed SUBJECTVERBPASSIVE AGENT PASSIVE VOICE (the subject suffers the action)

5. PASSIVE VOICE RULES  The object becomes the subject  The subject becomes the passive agent  Auxiliary verb “to be” (am, is, are) + main verb in the past participle

6. Who performs the action of kissing? Who “suffers” the action? The girl kisses the boy. ACTIVE VOICE (the subject performs an action) The boy is kissed by the girl. PASSIVE VOICE (the subject suffers the action)

7. PASSIVE VOICE RULES (negative)  (The same except for the verb) Example: The model isn’t photographed by the photographer. Auxiliary verb “to be” (am, is, are) not (or -n’t) main verb in the past participle ++

8. PASSIVE VOICE RULES (interrogative)  Auxiliary verb “to be” (am, is, are) before the suject Examples: Is the model photographed by the photographer? How often is a model photographed by the photographer?

9. SPECIAL CASES A) We don’t use the passive agent when the subject of the active sentence is :  people, one, someone, somebody, they B) When the subject of the active sentence is a subject pronoun you must change it to an equivalent object pronoun as the passive agent. I You He She It We You They me you him her its us you them

10. IT’S YOUR TURN NOW 1. Sandra wears fine clothes. 2. I read fashion magazines. 3. People buy a lot of clothes here. 4. Lucy doesn’t wear skirts. 5. They hire young models here.