1. Abdullah Al-Hendi Qatar Academy Mr. Rhodes 8B Water’s Journey Through Plants

2. General Aim.. Is to Understand more on  How water enters the plant.  How it moves through out the plant.  Why the plant needs water to survive

3. And an Overview of a more detailed contents will cover ;  How water enters the plant through its roots.  TRANSPIRATION.. What it is.. And it’s process.  What are XYLEM and PHLOEM and how they transport water and nutrients through the plant and there differences.  CHLOROPLASTS's need for water.  The process of OSMOSIS.  What are ADHESION and COHESION, how they help the movement of water through the plant, and there differences.

4. Water’s Entry  The entry of water is through the roots.  These roots are the main part of the plants body.  The roots are located in the soil beneath the earth’s surface.  The absorption of mineral salts and water is mainly through the root hair.  These root hairs can be found all around the roots.

5. Water’s Entry: pictures This picture shows the root tip and the root hair located on it.

6. Transpiration  The process of transpiration is the the conversion of liquid water into vapor and released into the atmosphere.  This process will occur when the stomata on the leafs surface open up to release water vapor.  The plant does this because the passage of oxygen (O2) out and carbon dioxide (CO2) in for the plant to produce photosynthesis  The water is transported from the roots in liquid form through the xylem into the stems and leaves.

7. Transpiration: Pictures These pictures clearly explain how transpiration works from the First step to the last step.

8. Xylem  The responsibility of xylem is to transport mostly water, but also from the roots through the stem and to the leaves.  One of its other uses is to replace the loss of water from transpiration.  Xylem is one of two transport types in vascular plants.  Vascular plants are plants that have certain tissues that can conduct minerals, water, and products that are produced from photosynthesis.

9. Xylem:.. continued  The xylem is composed of nonliving, hollow cells.  The xylem is a tube in the innermost of the stem.  Xylem can only transport water going up the xylem tubes through the plant.  Xylem cells support the weight of the plant because of the reinforcements they have on there cell walls. Cross Section:

10. Phloem  Tubes in the plant that transports organic nutrients from the leaves to the roots.  The cells of the phloem are living.  Transports sap that is filled with sugar (glucose) produced by photosynthesis.  The sap is sent to locations that are non- photosynthetic in the plant such as the roots.  The phloem can transport these nutrients up and down the plant.

11. Phloem and Xylem differences XylemPhloem  The xylem tissue dies in one year’s time and is created anew.  Xylem can only move water upwards the plant.  The phloem is always alive.  Phloem can transport nutrients upwards and downwards the plant.

12. Xylem and Phloem: Picture This picture shows the differences of the xylem vessel and the phloem vessel and how they transport nutrients and water through the plant.

13. Adhesion and Cohesion  Adhesion is the process of any form of attraction between unfamiliar species of molecules.  Cohesion is the attraction of like molecules (same specie of molecule).

14. How are they related to Xylem and Phloem  Adhesion sticks to the cell walls of the xylem and cohesion attracts like molecules in this case, hydrogen (O2), the water molecules (hydrogen, O2) form a continuous stream of water up the tube.  This allows water travel up the xylem tube.  After transpiration, the stage of phloem takes place.

15. Adhesion and Cohesion differences AdhesionCohesion  Adhesion attracts unfamiliar molecular species.  Cohesion attracts like molecular species.

16. Osmosis  Osmosis is the movement of water through the cell membrane…  Or, it is the movement of water through a selectively permeable from an area with a large amount of water (Low Concentration) to an area to a low amount of water (High Concentration).  It can produce energy and be used for the plant to do work, however it is a passive process.

17. Chloroplasts  Chloroplasts are organelles in plant cells that capture light energy and use it to make photosynthesis.  Using osmosis water enters the chloroplasts and then is able to react with carbon dioxide (CO2) and create sugar (glucose) and oxygen (O2).  The sugars and oxygen are then used to create energy for the plant to survive and continue its life.

18. Chloroplasts: pictures These are chloroplasts from an elodea leaf. This picture shows how chloroplasts take in the sunlight and convert it into energy.

19. Bibliography: Cited Websites  "BBC - GCSE Bitesize: Plant Transport." BBC - Homepage. Web. 16 Feb. 2011..  "Plant Structure." Clinton Community College. Web. 16 Feb. 2011..  "Phloem." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 16 Feb. 2011.. "Adhesion." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 16 Feb. 2011..  "Cohesion." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 16 Feb. 2011..  "What Is the Role of Cohesion and Adhesion in Water Movement within Plants? - Yahoo! Answers." Yahoo! Answers - Home. Web. 16 Feb. 2011..  "Biology4Kids.com: Plants: Xylem and Phloem." Rader's BIOLOGY 4 KIDS.COM. Web. 16 Feb. 2011..  "Biology4Kids.com: Cell Function: Passive Transport." Rader's BIOLOGY 4 KIDS.COM. Web. 16 Feb. 2011..  "Osmosis." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 16 Feb. 2011..