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Biotechnology pp. 258-264. WHAT IS IT?  Biotechnology : the application of technology to better use DNA and biology.

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Presentation on theme: "Biotechnology pp. 258-264. WHAT IS IT?  Biotechnology : the application of technology to better use DNA and biology."— Presentation transcript:

1 Biotechnology pp. 258-264

2 WHAT IS IT?  Biotechnology : the application of technology to better use DNA and biology

3 HUMAN GENOME PROJECT Sequenced and identified all of the DNA and mapped where every gene is on each chromosome Study of the genes

4 GENETIC ENGINEERING  GOAL: Change an organism’s DNA to give it new traits

5  Recombinant DNA = DNA that contains genes from more than one organism  Transgenic Organisms = Organisms that contain genes from other species in their DNA Also referred to as Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

6 Gene Cloning

7  A plasmid (ring of DNA found in bacteria) and human DNA (donor gene) are cut with the same restriction enzyme to make a sticky end  Donor gene combines with the plasmid (recombinant DNA)  Plasmid (cloning vector ) is inserted back into bacterium so that now the bacteria cell makes that specific protein EX. insulin for diabetics

8 Gene therapy  Altering or Adding genes to treat a genetic disorder Useful for:  Diabetes  Cancer  Hemophilia

9 STEM CELLS  Stem cells have not yet specialized, so they can become any body cell  Useful for replacing tissue or organs

10 PROTEOMICS  Study and library of all the proteins and their function  Not all of DNA is used to make mRNA or proteins  The genes or proteins expressed can indicate possible issues the organism is facing


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