1. Chapter Fourteen Revolution and Nationalism 1900-1939
Section Two
Totalitarianism
Stalinist Russia

2. Key Terms
Totalitarianism- describes a government that takes total, centralized control over every aspect of public and private life.
Great Purge- a campaign of terror directed at eliminating anyone who threatened Stalin’s power.
Command Economy- a system in which the government made all economic decisions.
Five-Year Plans- plans outlined by Joseph Stalin in 1928 for the development of the Soviet Union’s economy.
Collective Farms- a large government controlled farm formed by combining many small farms.

3. Key Traits of Totalitarianism
Ideology:
Sets goals of the state
Glorifies aims of the state
Justifies government actions
State Control of Individuals:
Demands loyalty
Denies basic liberties
Expects personal sacrifice for the good of the state

4. Key Traits of Totalitarianism
Methods of Enforcement:
Police terror
Indoctrination
Censorship
Persecution
Modern Technology:
Mass communication to spread propaganda
Advanced military weapons

5. Key Traits of Totalitarianism
State Control of Society:
Business
Labor
Housing
Education
Religion
The Arts
Personal Life
Youth Groups

6. Key Traits of Totalitarianism
Dictatorship and One-Party Rule:
Exercises absolute authority
Dominates the government
Dynamic Leader:
Unites people
Symbolizes government
Encourages popular support through force of will

7. Totalitarian Leaders in the 20th Century
Adolf Hitler (Germany)
Benito Mussolini (Italy)
Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union)
Kim Il Sung (North Korea)
Saddam Hussein (Iraq)

8. State Terror
The two most infamous examples of state terror in the 20th century were in Nazi Germany and Stalinist Russia.
Each killed an estimated 20 million people through the use of state terror.

9. Totalitarianism Today
There are many authoritarian regimes in the world today, but very few actual totalitarian governments.
In 2000, there were six totalitarian regimes identified by the U.S. government.
Afghanistan (removed from power 2001)
Cuba
North Korea
Laos
Vietnam
Iraq (removed from power 2003)

10. Quiz Review Know the following: Command Economy Kulak Five-Year Plan
Great Purge
Weapons of Totalitarianism