1. DSSS https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

2. Cascading Style Sheets History 1 Unlike existing style languages like DSSSL and FOSI, CSS allowed a document's style to be influenced by multiple style sheets. One style sheet could inherit or "cascade" from another, permitting a mixture of stylistic preferences controlled equally by the site designer and user. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

3. Decision support system 1 A Decision Support System (DSS) is a computer-based information system that supports business or organizational decision- making activities. DSSs serve the management, operations, and planning levels of an organization (usually mid and higher management) and help to make decisions, which may be rapidly changing and not easily specified in advance (Unstructured and Semi- Structured decision problems). Decision support systems can be either fully computerized, human or a combination of both. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

4. Decision support system 1 DSSs include knowledge-based systems. A properly designed DSS is an interactive software-based system intended to help decision makers compile useful information from a combination of raw data, documents, and personal knowledge, or business models to identify and solve problems and make decisions. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

5. Decision support system - Classification 1 DSSs which perform selected cognitive decision-making functions and are based on Artificial Intelligence or intelligent agents technologies are called Intelligent Decision Support Systems (IDSS). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

6. Decision support system - Applications 1 DSS are also prevalent in forest management where the long planning time frame demands specific requirements. All aspects of Forest management, from log transportation, harvest scheduling to sustainability and ecosystem protection have been addressed by modern DSSs. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

7. Document Style Semantics and Specification Language 1 Document Style Semantics and Specification Language (DSSSL) is a computer language for specifying stylesheets for SGML documents, based on a subset of the Scheme programming language. It is specified by the standard ISO/IEC 10179:1996. It was developed by ISO/IEC JTC1/SC34 (ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1, Subcommittee 34 - Document description and processing languages). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

8. Document Style Semantics and Specification Language 1 SGML contains information in a machine- readable but not very human-readable format. A "stylesheet" is used to present the information stored in SGML in a more pleasing or accessible way. DSSSL can convert to a wide range of formats, including RTF, HTML, and LaTeX. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

9. Document Style Semantics and Specification Language 1 Although compatible with any SGML, DSSSL is most often used with DocBook. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

10. Document Style Semantics and Specification Language 1 With the appearance of XML as an alternative to SGML, XML's associated stylesheet language XSL was also widely and rapidly adopted, from around 1999. Although DSSSL continued in use within the shrinking SGML field, XSL was very soon in use more extensively, and by more coders, than DSSSL had ever achieved. This was emphasised when previous SGML strongholds such as DocBook converted from SGML to XML, and also converted their favoured stylesheet language from DSSSL to XSL. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

11. Document Style Semantics and Specification Language 1 DSSSL was thought to be too complex for the World Wide Web, and the World Wide Web Consortium thought about creating a DSSSL-Lite. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

12. S-expression 1 In the Lisp family of programming languages, s-expressions are used to represent both source code and data. Other uses of S- expressions are in Lisp-derived languages such as DSSSL, and as mark-up in communications protocols like IMAP and John McCarthy's CBCL. The details of the syntax and supported data types vary in the different languages, but the most common feature among these languages is the use of S-expressions and prefix notation. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

13. Group decision making - Decision Support Systems 1 DSSs which try to realize some human/cognitive decision making functions are called Intelligent Decision Support Systems (IDSS), see for ex https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

14. Multiplexing - Types of multiplexing 1 Digital bit streams can be transferred over an analog channel by means of code- division multiplexing (CDM) techniques such as frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) and direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

15. Chip (CDMA) 1 In digital communications, a chip is a pulse of a direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) code, such as a pseudo-noise code sequence used in direct-sequence code division multiple access (CDMA) channel access techniques. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

16. GLONASS - FDMA signals 1 The signals use similar DSSS encoding and binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulation as in GPS signals https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

17. James Clark (programmer) 1 DSSSL - An SGML transformation and styling language. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

18. Frequency-hopping spread spectrum - Technical considerations 1 This property is also seen in MIMO and DSSS systems https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

19. Frequency-hopping spread spectrum - Variations of FHSS 1 Adaptive Frequency-hopping spread spectrum (AFH) (as used in Bluetooth) improves resistance to radio frequency interference by avoiding using crowded frequencies in the hopping sequence. This sort of adaptive transmission is easier to implement with FHSS than with DSSS. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

20. Near-far problem - Technical explanation 1 The near-far problem usually refers to a specific case of this in which ADC resolution limits the range of signals a receiver can detect in a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) system such as CDMA https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

21. Near-far problem - Technical explanation 1 DSSS allows multiple transmitters to use the same bandwidth at the same time. One price of such a system is that the dynamic range of the system is limited by the dynamic range of the receiver ADC. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

22. Spread spectrum 1 Wireless standard IEEE 802.11 uses either FHSS or DSSS in its radio interface. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

23. Chirp spread spectrum - Overview 1 However, it is unlike direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) or frequency- hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) in that it does not add any pseudo-random elements to the signal to help distinguish it from noise on the channel, instead relying on the linear nature of the chirp pulse https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

24. IEEE 802.11 - General description 1 802.11b and 802.11g control their interference and susceptibility to interference by using direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signaling methods, respectively https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

25. IEEE 802.11 - Channel spacing within the 2.4 GHz band 1 Confusion often arises over the amount of channel separation required between transmitting devices. 802.11b was based on DSSS modulation and utilized a channel bandwidth of 22 MHz, resulting in three "non- overlapping" channels (1, 6, and 11). 802.11g was based on OFDM modulation and utilized a channel bandwidth of 20 MHz. This occasionally leads to the belief that four "non- overlapping" channels (1, 5, 9 and 13) exist under 802.11g, although this is not the case. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

26. Cordless telephone - Frequencies 1 Virtually all telephones sold in the US use the 900 MHz, 1.9 GHz, 2.4-GHz, or 5.8 GHz bands, though legacy phones can remain in use on the older bands. There is no specific requirement for any particular transmission mode on 900, 1.9, 2.4, and 5.8, but in practice, virtually all newer 900 MHz phones are inexpensive analog models with digital features such as DSSS and FHSS generally available only on the higher frequencies. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

27. Standard Generalized Markup Language - Standard versions 1 DSSSL (ISO/IEC 10179)—document processing and styling language based on Scheme. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

28. Standard Generalized Markup Language - Standard versions 1 DSSSL was reworked into W3C XSLT and XSL-FO which use an XML syntax. Nowadays, DSSSL is rarely used in new projects apart from Linux documentation. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

29. Standard Generalized Markup Language - Open source implementations 1 SP and Jade, the associated DSSSL processors, are maintained by the OpenJade project, and are common parts of Linux distributions. A general archive of SGML software and materials resides at SUNET. The original HTML parser class, in Sun System's implementation of Java, is a limited-features SGML parser, using SGML terminology and concepts. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

30. XSLT - History 1 XSLT is influenced by functional languages, and by text-based pattern matching languages like SNOBOL and awk. Its most direct predecessor is DSSSL, which did for SGML what XSLT does for XML. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

31. XSLT - History 1 XSLT 1.0: XSLT was part of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)'s Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) development effort of 1998–1999, a project that also produced XSL-FO and XPath. Some members of the standards committee that developed XSLT, including James Clark, the editor, had previously worked on DSSSL. XSLT 1.0 was published as a W3C recommendation in November 1999. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

32. Direct-sequence spread spectrum 1 In telecommunications, direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) is a modulation technique. As with other spread spectrum technologies, the transmitted signal takes up more bandwidth than the information signal that modulates the carrier or broadcast frequency. The name 'spread spectrum' comes from the fact that the carrier signals occur over the full bandwidth (spectrum) of a device's transmitting frequency. Certain IEEE 802.11 standards use DSSS signaling. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

33. Direct-sequence spread spectrum - Features 1 DSSS phase-modulates a sine wave pseudorandomly with a continuous string of pseudonoise (PN) code symbols called "chips", each of which has a much shorter duration than an information bit. That is, each information bit is modulated by a sequence of much faster chips. Therefore, the chip rate is much higher than the information signal bit rate. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

34. Direct-sequence spread spectrum - Features 1 DSSS uses a signal structure in which the sequence of chips produced by the transmitter is already known by the receiver. The receiver can then use the same PN sequence to counteract the effect of the PN sequence on the received signal in order to reconstruct the information signal. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

35. Direct-sequence spread spectrum - Transmission method 1 If an undesired transmitter transmits on the same channel but with a different PN sequence (or no sequence at all), the de- spreading process results in no processing gain for that signal. This effect is the basis for the code division multiple access (CDMA) property of DSSS, which allows multiple transmitters to share the same channel within the limits of the cross- correlation properties of their PN sequences. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

36. Direct-sequence spread spectrum - Uses 1 DS-CDMA (Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Access) is a multiple access scheme based on DSSS, by spreading the signals from/to different users with different codes. It is the most widely used type of CDMA. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

37. Direct-sequence spread spectrum - Uses 1 IEEE 802.11b 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi, and its predecessor 802.11-1999. (Their successor 802.11g uses both OFDM and DSSS) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

38. 802.11 - General description 1 802.11b and 802.11g control their interference and susceptibility to interference by using direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signaling methods, respectively https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

39. 802.11 - Channel spacing within the 2.4 GHz band 1 802.11b was based on DSSS modulation and utilized a channel bandwidth of 22MHz, resulting in three non-overlapping channels (1, 6, and 11) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

40. IEEE 802.11g-2003 - Descriptions 1 The modulation scheme used in 802.11g is orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) copied from 802.11a with data rates of 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54 Mbit/s, and reverts to Complementary code keying|CCK (like the 802.11b standard) for 5.5 and 11 Mbit/s and Phase-shift keying|DBPSK/Phase- shift keying|DQPSK+DSSS for 1 and 2 Mbit/s. Even though 802.11g operates in the same frequency band as 802.11b, it can achieve higher data rates because of its heritage to 802.11a. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

41. IEEE 802.15.4 - The physical layer 1 The original 2003 version of the standard specifies two physical layers based on direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) techniques: one working in the 868/915MHz bands with transfer rates of 20 and 40 kbit/s, and one in the 2450MHz band with a rate of 250 kbit/s. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

42. IEEE 802.15.4 - The physical layer 1 Three of them preserve the DSSS approach: in the 868/915MHz bands, using either binary or Phase shift keying#Offset QPSK (OQPSK)|offset quadrature phase shift keying (the second of which is optional); in the 2450MHz band, using the latter https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

43. CSS3 - History 1 Unlike existing style languages like Document Style Semantics and Specification Language|DSSSL and Formatting Output Specification Instance|FOSI, CSS allowed a document's style to be influenced by multiple style sheets. One style sheet could inheritance (computer science)|inherit or cascade from another, permitting a mixture of stylistic preferences controlled equally by the site designer and user. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

44. IEEE 802.11b-1999 - Description 1 802.11b products appeared on the market in mid-1999, since 802.11b is a direct extension of the Direct-sequence spread spectrum|DSSS (Direct-sequence spread spectrum) modulation technique defined in the original standard https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

45. DocBook - History 1 Norman Walsh and the DocBook Project development team maintain the key application for producing output from DocBook source documents: A set of Extensible Stylesheet Language|XSL stylesheets (as well as a legacy set of DSSSL stylesheets) that can generate high-quality HTML and print (XSL Formatting Objects|FO/Portable Document Format|PDF) output, as well as output in other formats, including Rich Text Format|RTF, man pages and HTML Help. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

46. List of WLAN channels - Interference Concerns 1 When two or more 802.11b transmitters are operated in the same airspace, their signals must be attenuated by -50dBr and/or separated by 22MHz to prevent interference. This is due to fact that the DSSS algorithm transmits data logarithmically along a 20MHz bandwidth. The remaining 2MHz gap is used as a guard band to allow sufficient attenuation along the edge channels. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

47. List of WLAN channels - Interference Concerns 1 Channel 14 is valid only for DSSS and Complementary code keying|CCK modes (Clause 18 wiktionary:a.k.a.|a.k.a. 802.11b) in Japan. OFDM (i.e., 802.11g) may not be used. (IEEE 802.11-2007 §19.4.2) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

48. Global navigation satellite systems - FDMA signals 1 The signals use similar Direct sequence spread spectrum|DSSS encoding and binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulation as in GPS signals https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

49. ANT (network) - Interference immunity 1 Wi-Fi/ZigBee and Bluetooth employ DSSS|Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency-hopping spread spectrum|Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) schemes respectively to maintain the data integrity|integrity of the wireless link. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

50. Channel access method - Circuit mode and channelization methods 1 **Direct-sequence CDMA (DS-CDMA), based on Direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

51. Extensible Stylesheet Language - History 1 XSL began as an attempt to bring the functionality of Document Style Semantics and Specification Language|DSSSL, particularly in the area of print and high- end typesetting, to XML. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

52. Direct sequence spread spectrum 1 In telecommunications, 'direct-sequence spread spectrum' ('DSSS') is a modulation technique. As with other spread spectrum technologies, the transmitted signal takes up more Bandwidth (signal processing)|bandwidth than the information signal that modulates the carrier or broadcast frequency. The name 'spread spectrum' comes from the fact that the carrier signals occur over the full bandwidth (spectrum) of a device's transmitting frequency. Certain IEEE 802.11 standards use DSSS signaling. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

53. Direct sequence spread spectrum - Features 1 # DSSS Phase modulation|phase- modulates a sine wave Pseudorandomness|pseudorandomly with a continuous string (computer science)|string of pseudorandom noise|pseudonoise (PN) code symbols called Chip (CDMA)|chips, each of which has a much shorter duration than an information bit. That is, each information bit is modulated by a sequence of much faster chips. Therefore, the Chip (CDMA)|chip rate is much higher than the information signal Baud|bit rate. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

54. Direct sequence spread spectrum - Features 1 # DSSS uses a signaling (telecommunication)|signal structure in which the sequence of chips produced by the transmitter is already known by the receiver. The receiver can then use the same PN Sequences|PN sequence to counteract the effect of the PN sequence on the received signal in order to reconstruct the information signal. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

55. Direct sequence spread spectrum - Uses 1 * DS-CDMA (Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Access) is a multiple access scheme based on DSSS, by spreading the signals from/to different users with different codes. It is the most widely used type of CDMA. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

56. Direct sequence spread spectrum - Uses 1 * IEEE 802.11b 2.4GHz Wi-Fi, and its predecessor 802.11-1999. (Their successor 802.11g uses both Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing|OFDM and DSSS) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

57. IEEE 802.15.4a - Overview 1 IEEE 802.15.4-2006 specified four different PHYs, three of which utilized direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS), and one which used parallel-sequence spread spectrum (PSSS).IEEE Computer Society, (September 8, 2006) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

58. IEEE 802.11 (legacy mode) - Description 1 It specified two raw Data signaling rate|data rates of 1 and 2 megabits per second (Mbit/s) to be transmitted via infrared (IR) signals or by either frequency hopping or direct-sequence spread spectrum|direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) in the ISM band|Industrial Scientific Medical frequency band at 2.4GHz. IR remains a part of the standard but has no actual implementations. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

59. IEEE 802.11 (legacy mode) - Description 1 The DSSS version of legacy 802.11 was rapidly supplemented (and popularized) by the 802.11b amendment in 1999, which increased the bit rate to 11 Mbit/s. Widespread adoption of 802.11 networks only occurred after the release of 802.11b which resulted in multiple interoperable products becoming available from multiple vendors. Consequently comparatively few networks were implemented on the 802.11-1997 standard. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

60. Cordless phone - Frequencies 1 Virtually all telephones sold in the US use the 900MHz, 1.9GHz, 2.4-GHz, or 5.8GHz bands, though legacy phones can remain in use on the older bands. There is no specific requirement for any particular transmission mode on 900, 1.9, 2.4, and 5.8, but in practice, virtually all newer 900MHz phones are inexpensive analog models with digital features such as Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum|DSSS and Frequency-hopping spread spectrum|FHSS generally available only on the higher frequencies. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

61. Process gain 1 Note that process gain does not reduce the effects of wideband thermal noise. It can be shown that a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) system has exactly the same bit error behavior as a non-spread spectrum system with the same modulation format. Thus, on an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel without interference, a spread system requires the same transmitter power as an unspread system, all other things being equal. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

62. Process gain 1 Unlike a conventional communication system, however, a DSSS system does have a certain resistance against narrowband interference, as the interference is not subject to the process gain of the DSSS signal and hence the signal-to-interference ratio is improved. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

63. Decision support systems 1 DSSs serve the management, operations, and planning levels of an organization (usually mid and higher management) and help to make decisions, which may be rapidly changing and not easily specified in advance (Unstructured and Semi- Structured decision problems) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

64. Decision support systems 1 DSSs include Expert system|knowledge- based systems. A properly designed DSS is an interactive software-based system intended to help decision makers compile useful information from a combination of raw data, documents, and personal knowledge, or business models to identify and solve problems and make decisions. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

65. Decision support systems - Classification 1 DSSs which perform selected cognition|cognitive decision-making functions and are based on artificial intelligence or intelligent agents technologies are called Intelligent support systems|Intelligent Decision Support Systems (IDSS) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

66. Miniature helicopter - Spread spectrum 1 Systems such as Spektrum and JR use the DSM2 DSSS(Direct-sequence spread spectrum) method, where they transmit on a pair of fixed channels chosen when the radio and receiver are turned on. Any subsequent systems would avoid using these channels and continue searching for another unused pair of channels. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

67. SGML - Standard versions 1 * DSSSL (ISO/IEC 10179)mdash;document processing and styling language based on Scheme (programming language)|Scheme. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

68. SGML - Standard versions 1 ** DSSSL was reworked into W3C XSLT and XSL-FO which use an XML syntax. Nowadays, DSSSL is rarely used in new projects apart from Linux documentation. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

69. SGML - Open source implementations 1 SP and Jade, the associated DSSSL processors, are maintained by the [http://openjade.sourceforge.net/ OpenJade] project, and are common parts of Linux distributions. A general archive of SGML software and materials resides at [http://ftp.sunet.se/pub/text-processing/sgml/ SUNET]. The original HTML parser class, in Sun System's implementation of Java, is a limited-features SGML parser, using SGML terminology and concepts. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

70. TeX - Packages 1 Several document processing systems are based on TeX, notably jadeTeX, which uses TeX as a backend for printing from James Clark (XML expert)|James Clark's DSSSL Engine, the Arbortext publishing system, and Texinfo, the GNU documentation processing system. TeX has been the official typesetting package for the GNU|GNU operating system since 1984. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

71. Packet radio - Aloha and PRNET 1 This system was quite advanced, as it made use of direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) modulation and forward error correction (Forward error correction|FEC) techniques to provide 100 kbit/s and 400 kbit/s data channels https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

72. WaveLAN - Security 1 * All WaveLAN devices utilize the same Pseudorandom noise|spreading code in their DSSS scheme, so a WaveLAN card in promiscuous mode and set to ignore the NWID parameter could Packet sniffing|sniff and decode any WaveLAN radio traffic it encountered. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

73. Digital Ocean - Chipsets 1 In 1995 and 1996, Digital Ocean entered into three-way development contracts with ATT/Lucent and Aironet to license Digital Ocean's Media Access Control (MAC) chipset technology in return for access to ATT/Lucent's semiconductor line, the PHY companion chips for each partner (DSSS and FHSS), plus broad development support from all parties https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

74. List of Nokia products - WLAN products 1 * Nokia C020 PC card IEEE 802.11 2 Mbit/s, Direct-sequence spread spectrum|DSSS (produced by Samsung) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

75. List of International Organization for Standardization standards - ISO 10000 – ISO 14999 1 * ISO/IEC 10179:1996 Information technology – Processing languages – Document Style Semantics and Specification Language (DSSSL) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

76. Document Style Semantics and Specification Language 1 'Document Style Semantics and Specification Language' ('DSSSL') is a computer language for specifying Style sheet language|stylesheets for Standard Generalized Markup Language|SGML documents, based on a subset of the Scheme (programming language)|Scheme programming language https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

77. Document Style Semantics and Specification Language 1 SGML contains information in a machine- readable but not very human-readable format. A Style sheet language|stylesheet is used to present the information stored in SGML in a more pleasing or accessible way. DSSSL can convert to a wide range of formats, including Rich Text Format|RTF, HTML, and LaTeX. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

78. XSL Transformations - History 1 XSLT is influenced by functional programming|functional languages, and by text-based pattern matching languages like SNOBOL and AWK (programming language)|awk. Its most direct predecessor is DSSSL, which did for SGML what XSLT does for XML. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

79. XSL Transformations - History 1 * XSLT 1.0: XSLT was part of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)'s Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) development effort of 1998–1999, a project that also produced XSL-FO and XPath. Some members of the standards committee that developed XSLT, including James Clark (XML expert)|James Clark, the editor, had previously worked on DSSSL. XSLT 1.0 was published as a W3C recommendation in November 1999. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

80. Group decision-making - Decision-making in social settings 1 In addition to the different processes involved in making decisions, group- decision support systems (GDSSs) may have different decision rules. A decision rule is the GDSS protocol a group uses to choose among scenario planning alternatives. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

81. Group decision-making - Decision support systems 1 DSSs which try to realize some human- Cognition|cognitive decision-making Function (engineering)|functions are called Intelligent support systems|Intelligent Decision Support Systems (IDSS).See, for example, [http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/701938.html An Approach to the Intelligent Decision Advisor (IDA) for Emergency Managers, 1999] https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

82. Carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance - Performance 1 frequency hopping spread spectrum|Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) follows distantly behind DSSS with regard to throughput with a greater throughput once network load becomes substantially heavy https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

83. Håkon Wium Lie - Education and career 1 His PhD thesis is background to the origins of CSS and a rationale to some of the design decisions behind it ndash; particularly as to why some features were not included and why CSS avoids trying to become DSSSL. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

84. DynaText 1 DynaText heavily influenced stylesheet technologies such as DSSSL and CSS, and XML chairman Jon Bosak cites EBT chief architect Steven DeRose as the origin of the notion of well-formedness formalized in XML, as well as DynaText for influencing the design of Web browsers in general [http://www.ibiblio.org/bosak/cv.htm]. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

85. James Clark (XML expert) 1 * DSSSL - An SGML transformation and styling language. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

86. Orthogonal variable spreading factor 1 In digital communications, a 'chip' is a pulse of a direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) code, such as a pseudo- noise code sequence used in direct- sequence code division multiple access (CDMA) channel access techniques. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

87. Spread-spectrum 1 Wireless standard IEEE 802.11 uses either FHSS or DSSS in its radio interface. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

88. DSSSL 1 The 'Document Style Semantics and Specification Language' ('DSSSL') is an international standard developed to provide a Style sheet language|stylesheets for Standard Generalized Markup Language|SGML documents. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

89. DSSSL 1 PostScript or Rich Text Format, or a presentation on a computer display) are not standardized by DSSSL. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

90. Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant sarcophagus - Designed Stabilisation Steel Structure 1 In December 2006 the Designed Stabilisation Steel Structure (DSSS) was extended until 50% of the roof load (about 400 tons) was transferred from the axis 50 wall to the DSSS https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

91. Short Range Device - SRD860 1 In Europe, 863 to 870 MHz band has been allocated for license-free operation using FHSS, DSSS, or analog modulation with either a transmission duty cycle of 0.1%, 1% or 10% depending on the band, or Carrier sense multiple access|Listen Before Talk (LBT) with Adaptive Frequency Agility (AFA). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

92. Direct-sequence - Features 1 # DSSS Phase-shift keying|phase-shifts a sine wave Pseudorandomness|pseudorandomly with a continuous string (computer science)|string of pseudorandom noise|pseudonoise (PN) code symbols called Chip (CDMA)|chips, each of which has a much shorter duration than an information bit. That is, each information bit is modulated by a sequence of much faster chips. Therefore, the Chip (CDMA)|chip rate is much higher than the information signal Baud|bit rate. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

93. Direct-sequence - Transmission method 1 If an undesired transmitter transmits on the same channel but with a different PN sequence (or no sequence at all), the de- spreading process has reduced processing gain for that signal. This effect is the basis for the code division multiple access (CDMA) property of DSSS, which allows multiple transmitters to share the same channel within the limits of the cross-correlation properties of their PN sequences. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

94. Direct-sequence - Uses 1 * The United States GPS, European Galileo positioning system|Galileo and Russian GLONASS satellite navigation systems; earlier GLONASS used DSSS with a single PN code in conjunction with FDMA, while latter GLONASS used DSSS to achieve CDMA with multiple PN codes. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

95. Frequency-hopping - Technical considerations 1 This property is also seen in MIMO and DSSS systems https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

96. Frequency-hopping - Variations of FHSS 1 Adaptive Frequency-hopping spread spectrum (AFH) (as used in Bluetooth) improves resistance to Co-channel interference|radio frequency interference by avoiding crowded frequencies in the hopping sequence. This sort of adaptive transmission is easier to implement with FHSS than with DSSS. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

97. Clinical decision support system - Effectiveness 1 A 2005 systematic review by Garg et al. of 100 studies concluded that CDSSs improved practitioner performance in 64% of the studies. The CDSSs improved patient outcomes in 13% of the studies. Sustainable CDSSs features associated with improved practitioner performance include the following: https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

98. Clinical decision support system - Clinical Challenges 1 To this end CDSSs have met with varying amounts of success, while others suffer from common problems preventing or reducing successful adoption and acceptance. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

99. Clinical decision support system - Clinical Challenges 1 Two sectors of the healthcare domain in which CDSSs have had a large impact are the pharmacy and billing sectors https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

100. Clinical decision support system - Clinical Challenges 1 Other CDSSs that are aimed at the diagnostic tasks have found success but are often very limited in deployment and scope. The Leeds Abdominal Pain System went operational in 1971 for the University of Leeds hospital, and found fantastic levels of success where the CDSS produced a correct diagnosis 91.8% of cases compared to the clinicians’ rating of 79.6%. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

101. Clinical decision support system - Evaluation 1 In order for a CDSS to offer value, it must demonstrably improve clinical workflow or outcome. Evaluation of CDSS is the process of quantifying its value to improve a system’s quality and measure its effectiveness. Because different CDSSs serve different purposes, there is no generic metric which applies to all such systems; however, attributes such as consistency (with itself, and with experts) often apply across a wide spectrum of systems. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

102. GIS file formats - Non-spatial data 1 The end result with these flexible spatial decision- making support systems (FSDSSs)Gao, Shan https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

103. List of computing and IT abbreviations - D 1 * Document Style Semantics and Specification Language|DSSSL— Document Style Semantics and Specification Language https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

104. Muxer - Types of multiplexing 1 Digital bit streams can be transferred over an analog channel by means of code- division multiplexing techniques such as frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) and direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

105. Wireless telephone - Frequencies 1 Virtually all new telephones sold in the US use the 900MHz, 1.9GHz, 2.4-GHz, or 5.8GHz bands, though legacy phones can remain in use on the older bands. There is no specific requirement for any particular transmission mode on 900, 1.9, 2.4, and 5.8, but in practice, virtually all newer 900MHz phones are inexpensive analog models; some digital features such as Direct- Sequence Spread Spectrum|DSSS and Frequency-hopping spread spectrum|FHSS are generally available only on the higher frequencies. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

106. Jade (disambiguation) - Technology 1 * Jade (DSSSL processor), a processor for the Document Style Semantics and Specification Language (DSSSL) https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

107. Jade (disambiguation) - Technology 1 * An implementation of DSSSL style language by James Clark https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

108. For More Information, Visit: https://store.theartofservice.co m/itil-2011-foundation- complete-certification-kit- fourth-edition-study-guide- ebook-and-online-course.html https://store.theartofservice.co m/itil-2011-foundation- complete-certification-kit- fourth-edition-study-guide- ebook-and-online-course.html The Art of Service https://store.theartofservice.com