1. The role of music programmes in English women’s prisons Dr Laura Caulfield, Head of Research School of Society, Enterprise & Environment Bath Spa University IAFMHS conference, June 2014

2. Learning Objectives (1) Understanding of the role of 'alternative' interventions in English criminal justice; (2) Consideration of the potential relationship between the arts and desisting from crime; (3) Exploration of role of music with vulnerable and 'hard to treat' women in prison.

3. What do we know? Many offenders re-offend on leaving prison Prisons aim to reduce individuals’ risk of reoffending Many prisoners find it difficult to engage Other needs?

4. Women in prison Key issues/needs Problems with coping & mental health Lack of self-efficacy Educational needs Caulfield (2012), National Offender Management Services (2013)

5. Music: The Good Vibrations project journey... One week course, full-time Around 15 participants/project No musical background required Learn how to play traditional pieces of gamelan music and create group compositions Learn about Indonesian culture and associated art-forms Culminates in a concert to which staff, friends, family members and other may be invited Participants are given a CD recording of the concert to keep

6. Background to the work Promoting Positive Change; Wilson, Caulfield & Atherton (2008) Continuing Positive Change; Caulfield, Wilson & Wilkinson (2010) http://artsevidence.org.uk/

7. The research Effects on participants: coping; education & training; emotional, psychological & behavioural; self-efficacy 2 women’s prisons 25 women (age 21-51) ‘Difficult to manage/high-need’ Observation, group, and one-to-one follow-up interviews (3 months) Project participants and staff

8. Findings Individual gains: Group-work and communication skills – reported as previously lacking for many; Self- reported decrease in aggressive incidents; Expression, focus, and coping. Space; Self-efficacy – through improvements in confidence and achievement; Respect for facilitators as professionals key to success Engagement Towards desistance? Prison/CJS/practitioner gains New research directions: increasing the evidence base ‘everyone deserves a chance’

9. Thanks Questions? l.caulfield@bathspa.ac.uk Twitter: @laurascaulfield Caulfield (2012): https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/dspace-jspui/handle/2134/10178https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/dspace-jspui/handle/2134/10178 Reports & publications discussed today (& more): http://bathspa.academia.edu/LauraCaulfield http://bathspa.academia.edu/LauraCaulfield New video: https://www.artsalliance.org.uk/ESRC-Seminar-Serieshttps://www.artsalliance.org.uk/ESRC-Seminar-Series