1. Deployable Wireless Sensor Networks for Surveillance
Gurminder Singh
NPS/CS
Center for the Study of Mobile Devices and Communications
International Maritime Protection Symp. 2005
12/13/05

2. WSNs – Extreme Computing
WSNs consist of a large number of
small,
low-powered and
multi-function sensors nodes that are
able to
sense,
process and
communicate through collaborative efforts.

3. Desired Characteristics
Low cost
Ease of installation
Self-identification
Self-diagnostics
Reliability
Time awareness for co-ordination with other nodes
Signal processing and
Standard control protocol and network interfaces

4. WSN for Surveillance Airborne Network Sensor Network 802.15.4/Zigbee
Capability Discovery
Resource Aggregation
Adhoc b
Airborne Network
GPS Enabled
TactiComp
Sensor Network /Zigbee
/ZigBee
SmartRock
802.11b Adhoc
UAV
Iridium
Airborne Network

5. Deployment Challenges
Wireless
Sensor
Network
And, the whole deal…

6. Deployment Challenges - Wireless
Transmission Medium
Vegetation vs desert
High vs low humidity etc
Coverage
What is the range of the mote?
Break vs Re-associate distance
Connectivity
How stable is the connection?
How is it affected by the change in battery voltage?
Power consumption
How much power does the radio use?
What happens when the voltage drops?

7. Battery Voltage vs. Break & Re-associate Distance – Near Free Space

8. Detailed Study of Mote Behavior
RF Characteristics of Mica-Z Wireless Sensor Network Motes
Swee Jin Koh, MS Thesis/EE, Dec 2005

9. Deployment Challenges - Sensor
What kind of sensor modality should be used? – PIR, acoustic, magnetic, seismic…
What is the range of the sensor?
How reliable is the sensor?
What is the resolution of the sensor?
How much power does the sensor use?
What is the cost of the sensor?

10. Detailed Study of Sensor Behavior
PIR and Magnetometer Sensor Behavior
Mike Chesnut / C4I, Jun 2006 (expected)

11. Deployment Challenges - Network
How scalable is the network?
How fault tolerant is the network?
How is the network affected by node failure?
What is the network latency?
What is the packet loss behavior?

12. Detailed Study of Sensor Network Behavior
Evaluation of the XMesh Routing Protocol in WSNs
Amos Teo, MS/EE, Dec 2005

13. Deployment Challenges – The Whole Deal…
How do we deploy the network?
How do we manage the network?
What are the data aggregation/fusion and analysis issues?
What do you do when you detect an interesting event?

14. WSN Configuration Configuration and Management of WSNs,
Min Young Kim/CS, Dec 2005

15. Current Status Started late-2004
Implemented and integrated in TNT SA System
Field tested in TNT 2005
Supported by MARCORSYSCOM and TNT/CDTEMS

16. What’s Next?
Continue testing in TNT/NPS Field Experiments (Netzer and Bordetsky IS/NPS)
Tests in the Straits of Malaca, Thailand and/or Singapore (Ehlert, Steckler, IS/NPS)
Integration with UAVs (Ravi V., SEA/NPS)
Steve Schall, MS / CS, Jun 2006 (expected)
Integration with detection of anomalous behavior (Rowe CS/NPS and Faculty at UArizona)
Irvine (WSN Security)
Sankar (WSN & Medical stuff)

17. Thank You
Gurminder Singh
CS/NPS