1. Ethernet and TCP/IP (Basic information) A.Klepper – 01/04/11 Rev.A 3.1

2. A.Klepper – 01/04/11 Rev.A 2 Ethernet = Is a family of computer networking technologies for Local Area Networks (LAN). TCP/IP= TCP/IP is a set of communication protocols used for the Internet and other similar networks. It is named from two of the most important protocols in IT: the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Transmission Control Protocol Internet ProtocolInternet Protocol (IP). Ethernet and TCP/IP

3. A.Klepper – 01/04/11 Rev.A 3 Ethernet-standards Ethernet is the most known used network standard. The first variants had a transmission rate of 10 Mbit/s (10BaseT) The current variants work with 100 Mbit/s (100 BaseT) or 1000 Mbit/s (Gigabit Ethernet). Each ethernet device has an own ethernet-address, named MAC-ID (or Node number) for identifcation. Structure: 6-Byte Hex  e.g.: 00-C0-4D-01-28-5B The first 3 Hex-values describes the manufacturer code, the last 3 Hex-values are a continuously number. PC MAC-ID: 00-C0-4D-01-28-5B

4. A.Klepper – 01/04/11 Rev.A 4 TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) - The standard port is a LAN-Port with RJ45 connection for CAT6 cable: - Structure of a TCP/IP data package: RJ45LAN-Port - TCP/IP is the most used transmission protocol between network devices, like PCs and LAN-based periphery (Router, Printer) etc. TCP/IP CAT6 cable User data IP-address Synchronisation e.g. IP 192.168.1.150 192.168.1.200

5. A.Klepper – 01/04/11 Rev.A 5 TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) Logical addressing of the TCP/IP devices: Each device in a ethernet with TCP/IP needs for the transmission a 1. Different logical IP-address, 2. Subnetmask 3. Standardgateway Screenshot of Windows Networksettings (only necessary for routing in other subnets)

6. A.Klepper – 01/04/11 Rev.A 6 TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) 1. IP-Address: Structure: XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX (32Bit value with typ. Dot-Notation) Valid address area 000.000.000.000 to 255.255.255.255 e.g.: 192.168.001.200 IP: 192.168.1.150 Example: IP: 192.168.1.160 8-fold LAN-switch small PC-network PC1 PC2 PC3 IP: 192.168.1.170 PC4 IP: 192.168.1.180

7. A.Klepper – 01/04/11 Rev.A 7 2. Subnetmask : Normally the ethernet is designed for different networks which are connected together. So the network-classification was created. For this the IP-addresses are subdivided in Net-ID and Host-ID. The Net-ID describes the possible numbers of subnets, and the Host-ID describes the possible no. of devices in the subnet. A Subnet-Mask defines the Net-ID and Host-ID of the IP-address. Structure of the Subnet-Mask: 255.0.0.0(Class A) 255.255.0.0(Class B) 255.255.255.0(Class C) TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) Definition of the possible nets and hosts: (Example) Class B Subnet: 255. 255. 0. 0 Possible IP-addresses:192. 168. 001-255. 001-255 Net IDHost ID Class C Subnet: 255. 255. 255. 0 Possible IP-addresses:192. 168. 150. 001 - 255 Possible IP-addresses Net IDHost ID

8. A.Klepper – 01/04/11 Rev.A 8 TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) Subnet A Subnet B 3. Standardgateway : The Standardgateway allows a routing between different subnets. For this a gateway (e.g.router) must be installed, with a gateway address. This address must filled in the Standardgateway of each device: Gateway 1 Gateway 2 Range: 192.168.1.2 - 255 192.168.1.1 192.172.3.1 Range: 192.172.3.2 - 255

9. A.Klepper – 01/04/11 Rev.A 9 TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) DHCP (Dynamic Host Control Protocol): Typical in company networks are dynamic addressing system via a DHCP-server, which provide the IP-address after network-login: Obtain IP-address automatically Important note in use of the CG-S/IP-Interface: A static IP-address is necessary! It is possible to get a static IP-adress via the dhcp-server. (IT-department) Screenshot of Windows Networksettings

10. A.Klepper – 01/04/11 Rev.A 10 Repeater Switch Repeater S S S S S S SS S R R R R S S S S S S S Switch Typical structure of a local company network based on the ethernet networking technology: NAT = Network Access Translation WIN-Server Firewall (NAT-Router) W W W. Internet LAN-Local Area Network Intranet with TCP/IP Workplace 1 Workplace 2 Workplace x LAN Ethernet (LAN) – Local company computer network Mail-Server IP: 195.170.12.55 Subnet: 255.255.0.0 IP: 195.170.15.70 Subnet: 255.255.0.0 IP: 195.170.35.230 Subnet: 255.255.0.0

11. A.Klepper – 01/04/11 Rev.A 11 Ethernet – Decentral Intranet company network r Location U.K. r Location Germany VPN WWW Internet VPN = Virtual Private Network  Tunnel through the WWW Typical structure of a intranet company network, with decentral locations: