1. "Economic aspects of national radio frequency spectrum management”
ITU Seminar
"Economic aspects of national radio frequency spectrum management”
Kyiv, Ukraine, July 2007
UWB Regulations
Le Devendec Marc, ERO

2. What is UWB?
Regulatory Framework
Regulation in the World
CEPT:
SRR at 24 GHz
UWB Systems below 10.6 GHz
Next?

3. Ultra Wide Band??? Ultra-wideband technology (UWB):
Short-range radiocommunication
Transmission of radio-frequency energy spreading over a very large frequency range
Can provide high data rate (more than 100 Mbits/s) at very low transmit power.

4. Ultra Wide Band Applications
Communication devices (Wireless USB)
Penetration capabilities: Radar imaging device used to obtain images of obstructed objects. This includes in-wall and through-wall detection, ground penetrating radar, construction and home repair imaging, mining, and surveillance devices.
Vehicular radar device: a radar device mounted on land transportation vehicles to detect the location and movement of persons or objects near a vehicle (road safety)
Positioning, tracking devices....

5. UWB: SRR at 24 GHz
Short-Range Radars (SRR) are expected to be implemented on cars (up to 10 radars) to ensure a survey of the close environment of the cars for safety purposes
intersection
blind spot
side-crash
Park-aid
Precrash
ACC with
Stop&Go
Collision
warning
Pedestrian
Protection
avoidance
Parking aid
low speed
back-up
driving
Rear crash
lane change
support
overtake
rear collision

6. Japan + US + Europe = 682 billion Euros
Usefulness of Short Range Radar
SRR Automotive Radar could address 88% of all causes of Rear-End Crashes
Japan + US + Europe = 682 billion Euros
DRIVER INATTENTION
68% 
OTHER 3%
ALCOHOL
INATTENTION
& FOLLOWING
TOO CLOSELY
FOLLOWING
TOO CLOSELY  9%  9%
11%

7. Proliferation of devices
Problem…
ISM band: GHz
5 GHz
Band used by EESS, FS, RAS...
Compatibility??
Proliferation of devices

8. Regulatory Framework for UWB
Definition of UWB???
Service status
ITU RR Article 4.4:
Administrations of the Member States shall not assign to a station any frequency in derogation of either the Table of Frequency Allocations in this Chapter or the other provisions of these Regulations, except on the express condition that such a station, when using such a frequency assignment, shall not cause harmful interference to, and shall not claim protection from harmful interference caused by, a station operating in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, the Convention and these Regulations.
Application of footnote: « all emissions are prohibited… »

9. Development of a Regulatory Framework
1990s: UWB became practical
1999: First UWB systems available
2000: US inquiry – need to protect GPS
2002: FCC limits
Vehicular radar systems
Around 24 GHz: RAS, EESS, FS…

10. FCC limits: Medical Imaging System
UMTS
EESS
*Operation is limited to law enforcement, fire and rescue organizations, scientific research institutions, commercial mining companies, licensed health care practitioners, and construction companies.

11. FCC limits: Communications Indoor...
FSS ( GHz)
EESS
* Equipment must be designed to ensure that operation can only occur indoors or it must consist of hand-held devices that may be employed for such activities as peer-to-peer operation.
Not acceptable for CEPT!

12. ITU-R: Task Group 1/8 (TG 1/8) in 2002
Define a Harmonised Regulatory Approach:
Question 226/1: Spectrum management framework related to the introduction of UWB devices
Question 227/1: Compatibility between UWB devices and radiocommunication services
2006:
ITU-R Rec
SM.1744
SM.1745
SM.1746
SM.1747
ITU-R Rep
SM.2057
US (FCC)
CEPT (TG3)
Japan
Others...

13. TG 1/8: Outputs Measurement Techniques of UWB emissions
Characteristics of UWB Devices
Spectrum Management Framework for UWB
Compatibility between UWB systems and Other Services
Ultra-wideband technology: technology for short-range radiocommunication, involving the intentional generation and transmission of radio-frequency energy that spreads over a very large frequency range, ... Devices using UWB technology typically have intentional radiation from the antenna with either a –10 dB bandwidth of at least 500 MHz or a –10 dB fractional bandwidth greater than 0.2.

14. Max. Average e.i.r.p density
USA/FCC
UWB System
Frequency Band
Max. Average e.i.r.p density
Communication and Measurement Systems
GHz
-41.3 dBm/MHz
Ground Penetrating Radar, in-Wall Imaging Systems
F<960 MHz
Medical Imaging Systems
Through-Wall Imaging and Surveillance Systems
GHz
Vehicular Radar Systems
22-29 GHz
See also IEEE

15. Singapore
Authorised technical trials for UWB in a specific geographical location (UWB friendly zone)
Emissions limits from 2.2 GHz to 10.6 GHz 6 dB above FCC limit

16. Ongoing in China, South Korea...
Hong Kong
3.1 – 10.6 GHz band open for UWB trials
Eirp density limits 8 dB above the FCC limit
3.1 – 10.6 GHz band is assigned for indoor trials
4.2 – 10.6 GHz band is assigned for outdoor trials
Japan
3.4 – 4.8 GHz
-41.3 dBm/MHz with Detect And Avoid (DAA) or
-70dBm/MHz without DAA
4.2 – 4.8 GHz: interim basis (2009) without restriction
4.8 – 7.25 GHz: 29 dB more stringent than FCC limit
7.25 – GHz: same limit as FCC
SRR 24 GHz ongoing
Ongoing in China, South Korea...

17. Australia New- Zealand
2004:
April: Interim licence for an UWB ground penetrating radar
December: Extended interim licensing for other devices
2006: Licence for UWB in the frequency range GHz
New- Zealand
2005:
Licences to low potential to cause inteference, on a case-by-case basis
In addition, trials ongoing
SRR: General User Licence, on a ”non interference, non protected” basis, until June 2013

18. CEPT: SRR 24 GHz (1)
2004:
ECC Report 23: Compatibility of automotive collision warning Short Range Radar operating at 24 GHz with FS, EESS and Radio Astronomy
ECC Decisions (ECC/DEC/(04)10): Frequency bands to be designated for the temporary introduction of Automotive Short Range Radars (SRR)
ECC Report 46: Immunity of 24 GHz automotive SRRs operating on a non-interference and non-protected basis from emissions of the primary Fixed Service operating in the 23 GHz and 26 GHz frequency bands
2005:
ECC Report 085: Guidance for 24 GHz Short Range Radar (SRR) enforcement

19. ECC Decisions (ECC/DEC/(04)10)
CEPT: SRR 24 GHz (2)
ECC Decisions (ECC/DEC/(04)10)
A ‘package solution’
A permanent frequency band – 79 GHz
A temporary solution in 24 GHz before 2013
Legal certainty of ‘stop placing on the market’
Monitoring process of market access (maximum 7% )
Review process with all parties involved (2009)
Automatic geographical deactivation to protect Radio Astronomy sites
Penetration rate

20. CEPT: SRR 24 GHz EC
2005/50/EC: Commission Decision of Jan 17th, 2005, on the harmonisation of the 24 GHz range radio spectrum band for the time-limited use by automotive short-range radar equipment in the Community
Implementation of SRR: Memorandum of Understanding
Next Steps:
CEPT: review in 2009
Follow up of implementation
Implementation of ECC/EC Decision in Europe (11 countries)
Discussions are ongoing in Russia…

21. CEPT: UWB below 10.6 GHz EC: UWB below 10.6 GHz
ECC Report 64
Protection requirements of radiocommunication systems below 10.6 GHz from Generic Ultra-wide Band (UWB) applications was adopted February 2005
ECC/DEC/(06)04
Harmonised conditions for devices using Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology in bands below 10.6 GHz
2007/131/EC
Allowing the use of the radio spectrum for equipment using ultra-harmonised manner in the Community

22. EC Decision on UWB
Frequency Range (GHz)
Maximum mean e.i.r.p density (dBm/MHz)
Maximum peak e.i.r.p denisty (dBm/50MHz)
Below 1.6
-90
-50
1.6 to 3.4
-85
-45
3.4 to 3.8
3.8 to 4.2
-70
-30
4.2 to 4.8
-41.3 (until 31 Dec. 2010)
-70 (beyond 31 Dec. 2010)
0 (until 31 Dec 20101)
-30 (beyond 31 Dec. 2010)
4.8 to 6
6 to 8.5
-41.3
8.5 to 10.6
-65
-25
Above 10.6
In addition: a maximum mean e.i.r.p. density of – 41,3 dBm/MHz is allowed in the 3,4 to 4,8 GHz band if mitigation techniques are implemented (DAA…)

23. Others Applications
GPR/WPR Ground Probing Radar / Wall Probing Radars (EN )
BMA Building Material Analysis and Classification GHz to 8 GHz (draft EN )
LT Location Tracking - indoor (draft EN ) and outdoor - 6 GHz to 9 GHz
OIS Object Identification for Surveillance GHz to 8.5 GHz (draft EN )
LAES Location Application for Emergency Services (TR )
Generic Limits too stringent (i.e. for BMA below 4.2 GHz) and do not permit the use of some applications
Relaxation of the limit + mitigation techniques (LBT, DAA…)

24. Summary 24 GHz UWB below 10.6 GHz
Non-interference, non-protected basis
E.i.r.p of -41.3dBm/MHz
Additional limitations to protect passive bands
Move to higher frequencies (79 GHz)
UWB below GHz
Generic Limit
Application-by-Applications approach
Mitigation Techniques

25. Next SRR Review and Implementation
Developement of Regulation for specific UWB applications (ODC Object Discrimination and Characterization - draft EN )…
EC Mandate on GHz (-85dBm/MHz) and 8.5 – 9 GHz (-65dBm/MHz)
”UWB” in higher frequencies 7GHz aroung 60 GHz
Agenda Item on UWB for one of the next WRC??

26. Looking for More information??
The end
Thanks you for your attention !
European Radiocommunications Office Peblingehus, Nansensgade 19 DK-1366 Copenhagen Denmark
Phone: Fax: Web: