1. Colombia:
Dynamics of a Drug War

2. Statistics at a Glance
Colombia produces two-thirds of the world’s cocaine supply
Colombia produces roughly 90 percent of the cocaine and a significant amount of heroin that is sold in the United States.
The United States contributed over 4.5 billion dollars in aid to Colombia to help stop drug production and trafficking.
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3. NARCOTERRORISM
Narcoterrorism is understood to mean the attempts of narcotics traffickers to influence the policies of a government or a society through violence and intimidation, and to hinder the enforcement of the law and the administration of justice by the systematic threat or use of such violence.

4. The Beginning La Violenica
era of civil conflict in Colombia between supporters of the Colombian Liberal Party and the Colombian Conservative Party, a conflict which took place roughly from 1948 to 1958
During "La Violencia", several members of the Colombian Liberal Party and of the Colombian Communist Party organized self-defense groups and guerrilla units, which fought both against those of the Colombian Conservative Party and among each other.

5. Key Players Evolve FARC
- Stands for Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia)
- Manuel Marulanda Velez is the founder and leader of FARC
-Military segment of the Colombian Communist Party
-responsible for bombings, murder, kidnapping, extortion, hijacking, as well as guerrilla military action against Colombian political, military, and economic targets.

6. 2. AUC
- Stands for Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia (United Self-Defense Groups of Colombia)
- Paramilitary organization, formed in 1997, which mission to protect economic interests and combat insurgents locally.
- AUC is supported by economic elites, drug traffickers, and local communities lacking effective government security
-AUC political leader Carlos Castaño has claimed 70% of AUC's operational costs are financed with drug-related earnings

7. 3. ELN
- Ejercito de Liberacion Nacional (National Liberation Army)
-Colombia's second-largest rebel group influenced by Che Guevara and Castro
4. ELP
-Ejercito Popular de Liberacion (Popular Liberation Army)
-Followers of Mao Zedong (Communist China)
5. M-19 - Movimiento 19 de Abril (19th of April Movement)

8. Drug Lords & Cartels
Drug cartels are known for paying off guerilla, paramilitary groups, and government officials for protection
1. Medellín Cartel (was headed by Escobar)
Pablo Escobar (killed in 1993)
Ochoa brothers (Jorge, Juan David, and Fabio Ochoa turned themselves into the Colombian government in the early 1990’s in exchange for lighter terms)
2. Cali Cartel
Ran by Rodriguez Orejuela brothers and Santacruz Londono
More business sophisticated and less flashy than the Medellin Cartel

9. Cali Cartel goes after Pablo Escobar by forming group known as the PEPES (from Spanish: Perseguidos por Pablo Escobar, "people persecuted by Pablo Escobar").
Cali Cartel also gave up information on Pablo Escobar to the DEA and Colombian government
Cali Cartel still runs, but not on such a large scale

10. The Drug Game Today
After the demise of the Cali and Medellin cartels, lieutenants started to form smaller organizations less vulnerable to investigation by the United States and Colombian government.
These smaller groups include: those who control of the jungle labs, transportation of coca from the farms to the labs, drug smugglers

11. Current Drug Threat
                                                                                                                                                                     
2002 Regional Distribution Patterns