1. Why the South Lost & The Aftermath

2. Reason 1: South’s Rights Theory Failed

3. Reason 2: The Failure of Southern Nationalism People as a whole fought for their states, not the CSA People in the North fought for the USA, not their states

4. Reason 3: Immorality of Slavery  The Southerners had no moral ground to stand on, so no one rallied to the cause  The North had the moral high ground of freedom, so those in the north rallied to their cause

5. Reason 4: Nationalism over States’ Rights

6. Reason 5: Industry Over Agriculture  The idea of using agriculture as a bargaining tool failed  The West opened up

7. Reason 6: Failure of the Ideas of Secession and Nullification  The theory that states didn’t have to follow rules it didn’t like, didn’t hold up the CSA, which led to its defeat

8. The End Results

11.  April 9, 1865-Lee Surrenders in Appomattox Court House, VA

12. The End of Slavery  When the South lost, it became American Territory again, which meant that the Emancipation Proclamation took effect in the South  The North passed 3 Amendments to outlaw slavery

13. The 3 slavery Amendments to the US Constitution

14. Amendment 13  December 18. 1865  Neither slavery, nor involuntary servitude…shall exist within the US or any place subject to its jurisdiction

15. Amendment 14  July 28, 1868  ALL persons born in the US are citizens of the US.  No state can “take away” the basic rights of those citizens

16. Amendment 15  March 30, 1870  The rights of citizens of the US to vote shall not be denied on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude

17. Repudiation of the Confederate Debt

18. The Devastation of the South  Destruction  Food Shortages  Uncertain status of African- Americans  Return of Former Confederates to Power

19. Destruction  620,000 lives lost  In the South, railroads destroyed, ports abandoned, towns empty  In the Border states of Kentucky and Missouri, anarchy  $4 billion lost in freed slaves

20. Destruction  Many people leave to Canada or Mexico rather than live under “Yankee” rule  Hatred among the South for anything northern, especially people and military

21. Destruction  “Fear God, love the South, and live to avenge her”

22. Destruction  Confiscation Acts of 1862 and 1864  “Forty acres and a mule”

23. Food Shortages  Southern farms were destroyed  Cotton, rice, sugar industry in the South are wiped out

24. Uncertain Status of Newly Freed African-Americans  “Top rail is bottom rail now”  “We own this land now. Put it out of your head that it will ever be yours again.”

25. Uncertain Status of Newly Freed African-Americans  Passage of the Black codes

26. Uncertain Status of Newly Freed African-Americans  Freedmen’s Bureau – 1865  The Black codes - 1865

27. Freedmen’s Bureau  For former slaves, it: –Negotiated labor contracts –Provided Medical Care –Set up new schools

28. The Black Codes  In the South  Blacks could not own farm land in Mississippi or town lots in SC  Had to buy licenses to practice certain trades

29. The Black Codes  Blacks could not carry firearms without a permit  They had to enter into labor contracts  Vagrants were forced to work for virtually free

30. Return of Former Confederates to Power  In the beginning, the 1 st legislatures in the South after the war were the same people that were in the Southern Government during the war  That changed after the US Congress met in December 1865