1. Topic 5
Acids in Action

2. Topic 5.1 Acids in Action What does the pH scale measure?
What pH numbers refer to acids?
What pH numbers refer to alkalis?
What is the pH number for a neutral solution?

3. Topic Acids in Action
What colour does the pH paper turn with a strong acid?
What colour does the pH paper turn with a weak acid?
What colour does the pH paper turn with a strong alkali?
What colour does the pH paper turn with a neutral solution?

4. Topic Acids in Action
What happens to the pH number when an acid is diluted?
What happens to the pH when an alkali is diluted?
What pH is the limit for dilution of either an acid or alkali?

5. Topic 5.1 Acids in Action What are ….
three common acids found in the household?
three common alkalis found in the household?
three common neutral solutions found in the household?

6. Topic 5.1 Ext Acids in Action
What is the formula for ...
hydrochloric acid?
nitric acid?
sulphuric acid
phosphoric acid?
carbonic acid?
LEARN THESE FORMULAE………….

7. Topic 5.1 Ext Acids in Action
Can acids conduct electricity?
What kind of bonding do acids have?
What ion is common to all acids?
Is this ion positive or negative?
What ions are present in hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid and nitric acid?

8. Topic 5.1 Ext Acids in Action
Acids have a higher concentration of which ion?
Alkalis have a higher concentration of which ion?
Diluting an acid reduces the number of which ions?

9. Topic 5.2 Acids in Action How is an acid made? How is an alkali made?
What condition/property is needed to make an alkali?
What type of oxides do not form alkalis?
What pH do these oxides give?
What ion is common to all alkalis?

10. Topic 5.2 Acids in Action What is the formula for ...
sodium hydroxide?
calcium hydroxide?
potassium hydroxide
LEARN THESE FORMULAE………….

11. Topic Acids in Action
What substance, present in fuels contributes to acid rain?
What is the gas produced called that causes acid rain?
What does acid rain do to the environment?

12. Topic 5.2 Ext Acids in Action
What is the name of the process that can split up an acid back into its elements?
What element forms at the negative electrode?
What happens at the negative electrode to produce this element from its ion?
What is this reaction called? + -

13. Topic 5.2 Ext Acids in Action
What is a d.c current and why is it used in electrolysis?
When hydrochloric acid is electrolysed, what forms at the positive electrode?
What happens at the positive electrode to produce this element?
What is this reaction called?

14. Topic 5.2 Ext Acids in Action
When sulphuric acid is electrolysed, what forms at the positive electrode?
What forms at the negative electrode?
What is this overall reaction called?

15. Topic 5.3 Acids in Action Which metals can react with an acid?
Where in the reactivity series (Data book pg 7) would you find these metals?
When a metal reacts with an acid what are the products?
Write out this general equation and LEARN.

16. Topic Acids in Action
How could it be proved that hydrogen gas is given off?
How could the rate of these reactions be increased?
Why does sulphuric acid react faster than hydrochloric and nitric acid? (CLUE – THINK OF THE FORMULA)

17. Topic Acids in Action
What type of metal salt is formed when… hydrochloric acid is used? sulphuric acid is used? nitric acid is used?

18. Topic 5.3 Ext Acids in Action
Copy and complete the following and write balanced formulae equations…
Magnesium + Hydrochloric
acid
Iron + Nitric acid
3. Zinc+ Sulphuric acid

19. Topic 5.3 Ext Acids in Action
Answers
Magnesium + Hydrochloric Magnesium + Hydrogen
acid chloride
Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2
Iron + Nitric acid Iron nitrate + hydrogen
Fe + 2HNO3 Fe(NO3) H2
3. Zinc+ Sulphuric acid Zinc sulphate + Hydrogen
Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO H2

20. Topic Acids in Action
What is the name of the reaction when an acid is cancelled by a another substance?
What is a base?
Name three types of base? (THINK OF THE REACTIONS YOU HAVE SEEN FROM 5.4)

21. Topic Acids in Action
What are the products formed when a metal oxide reacts with an acid?
What are the products formed when a metal carbonate reacts with an acid?
Write out these general word equations and LEARN THEM.

22. Topic 5.4 Ext Acids in Action
What gas is produced when a metal carbonate reacts with an acid?
Why is an excess of metal carbonate added to the acid?
Residue
Filtrate

23. Topic 5.4 Ext Acids in Action
How do you know when the acid has been completely neutralised?
What will the filtrate contain?
What compound is found in the residue?
Residue
Filtrate

24. Topic 5.4 Ext Acids in Action
What are the products formed when copper carbonate reacts with sulphuric acid?
Write the word and balanced formula equation for this reaction…
Copper Sulphuric
carbonate acid

25. Topic 5.4 Ext Acids in Action
ANSWER
Copper Sulphuric Copper Water Carbon
carbonate acid sulphate dioxide
CuCO3 + H2SO4 CuSO4 + H CO2

26. Topic 5.4 Ext Acids in Action
What are the products formed when copper oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid?
Write the word and balanced formula equation for this reaction…
Copper Hydrochloric
oxide acid

27. Topic 5.4 Ext Acids in Action
ANSWERS
Copper Hydrochloric Copper Water
oxide acid chloride
CuO + 2HCl CuCl2 + H20

28. Topic Acids in Action
What is the name of the reaction when an acid is cancelled by a another substance?
What is a base?
Name three types of base? (THINK OF THE REACTIONS YOU HAVE SEEN FROM 5.4)

29. Topic Acids in Action
Why is a pipette used instead of a measuring cylinder?
What advantage does a burette have over a pipette?

30. Topic Acids in Action
What is the name of the technique in which a burette and pipette are used to neutralise an acid?
Why is an indicator used?
What is the curve in the acid or alkali called?
Where should this curve be when filling a pipette accurately?
What is meant by concordant results?

31. Topic Acids in Action
What is the name of the reaction in which two solutions react to form an insoluble salt?
How can the insoluble product be separated from the mixture?
Where is information on insoluble salts found?
What is meant by spectator ions?

32. Topic Acids in Action
What is the formula mass and how is it obtained?
What is the gram formula mass equal to?
What is concentration?
What are the units used?
TRY CHECKTEST 5.7 OR THE CHEMICAL CALCULATION BOOKLET FOR PRACTICE.

33. Topic Acids in Action
What is the equation that relates moles and mass?
What is the equation that relates volume, concentration and moles?
TRY CHECKTEST 5.8 OR THE CHEMICAL CALCULATION BOOKLET FOR PRACTICE

34. Topic 5.9 Acids in Action What is the equation used in titrations?
TRY CHECKTEST 5.9 OR THE CHEMICAL CALCULATION BOOKLET FOR PRACTICE