1. Bell Work Where does cellular respiration take place in the cell? Where does photosynthesis take place in the cell?

2. Biology – Lecture 43 Cell Storage Facilities

3. Vacuoles Storage Bins (bubbles) in the Cells Large in plant cells, small in animal cells Plant cell volume depends on the size of the vacuole.

4. Vacuoles In a factory, vacuoles would be storage facilities store food nutrients or water a cell might need to survive store waste products so the rest of the cell is protected from contamination

5. Vacuole Structure membrane that surrounds a mass of fluid

6. In Plants When water is scarce, vacuoles are empty and plants droop. When water is plentiful, plants stand tall because of the full vacuole. They still look like plants because the cell wall holds them up even with empty vacuoles.

8. Ribosomes Make Proteins (enzymes/support for other cell functions) Connect one amino acid at a time and build long chains to make proteins In a factory, ribosomes are the construction workers.

9. Where are Ribosomes In the cytoplasm (proteins used in the cell) In the endoplasmic reticulum (proteins used in the cell and transported outside the cell)

10. Making Proteins mRNA made in the nucleus is sent to the ribsomes two subunits come together and lock onto the mRNA to start making the protein by pulling amino acids off of tRNA floating in the cell.

11. Endoplasmic Reticulum The packaging system of the cell In a factory, it would be the packing center

12. The Endoplasmic Reticulum Works with the Golgi apparatus, ribososmes, RNA, mRNA, and tRNA.

13. The Endoplasmic Structure Rough ER Has ribosomes attached to it Looks bumpy Smooth ER No ribosomes Looks like tubes

14. Endoplasmic Reticulum

15. The Purpose of the ER Smooth ER - storage organelle Stores steroids and ions

16. The Purpose of the ER Rough ER - When protein synthesis is completed by ribosomes they are sent to the Rough ER. It pinches off a vesicle. That vesicle (bubble) can move to the cell membrane or the Golgi apparatus.

17. The Process

18. Golgi Apparatus (Golgi complex, Golgi Body) packaging organelle like the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

19. The Golgi’s Job Gathers simple molecules and combines them to make molecules that are more complex Big molecules are made into vesicles builds lysosomes (cell digestion machines) In plants, creates complex sugars and sends them off in secretory vesicles.

20. How are Vesicles Created? In the same way the ER does it. The vesicles are pinched off the membranes and float through the cell.

21. Working with the ER When a protein is made in the ER, so is a transition vesicle is made. Vesicles float to the Golgi. The Golgi uses what it wants, then releases it with a secretory vesicle back to the cytoplasm. The vesicle moves to the cell membrane and the molecules are released out of the cell.

22. Golgi Apparatus

23. Golgi Structure A series of membranes shaped like pancakes. The membrane surrounds an area of fluid where the complex molecules (proteins, sugars, enzymes) are stored and changed. Because the Golgi complex absorbs vesicles from the rough ER, you will also find ribosomes inside.