1. Building a Better Twinkie A Mixture Design Problem Katherine L. Monti, Ph.D. r Principal Statistical Scientist, Rho, Inc. k March 12, 2011

2. Why Statistics? Why Biostatistics? Math Earning power $ $ $ was not in math Variety of non-math courses Math + Applications Statistics Forestry, biology, education, anthropology, finance and economics, sociology, manufacturing, advertising, …. Epidemiology, health sciences, medicine, drug development,

3. Where Ive Been and Why UNC Sch. of Public Health -- Chapel Hill University of Missouri - St. Louis Department of Mathematics & Computer Science Ralston Purina Company Ciba Corning Diagnostics Corporation Astra Pharmaceuticals Rho, Inc. Along the way – a little independent consulting

4. I wanted variety I got variety! Some of the projects Ive worked on over the decades.

5. Projects Energy review system (Ralston) –Simple review of energy usage, external temperature, and production saved millions of dollars a year per plant Energy use = a + b (external temperature) + c (tons*) * Tons of pet food or cereal produced

6. Projects Effects of weight gain restriction in Labrador retrievers (Ralston): DG448only long-term, large mammal study investigating the health and longevity advantages of lean body mass (achieved in dogs by diet restriction)

7. Projects Feline reproduction (Ralston): a publication of simple summary of data from Ralston cattery has become a classic paper in veterinary medicine

8. Projects Heritability of feline cardiomyopathy : 25 years of feline reproductive data, 7 generations of ancestors (2 7 = 128) –MMMMMMM - MMMMMM …. - MM - M –MMMMMMF - MMMMMF - MF - F –MMMMMFM - MMMMFM - FM –MMMMMFF - MMMMFF - FF –MMMMFMM … –MMMMFMF - FFFFFF –MMMMFFM –… –FFFFFFF

9. Projects Salary discrimination law suit (Independent consulting) –Fauteck vs Montgomery Ward, 1970s and early 80s –Systematically paid women less In general, women had more years of experience, longer time with the company, higher education…and a lower salary, for any job category –~ $5,000,000 settlement

10. Projects Medical instrumentation (Ciba Corning) –Blood gas machines –Co-oximeters –PSA testing

11. Projects Drug studies (Astra, Rho): blood pressure, acute pain, chronic pain, kidney disease, Alzheimers, opioid-induced constipation, asthma, allergy, AIDS, autism, cancer, traumatic brain injury, arthritis, diabetes….

12. Twinkies Studying the ratio of emulsifiers in Hostess Twinkies for optimal springiness (Ralston/Continental Baking) –A mixture design –3 emulsifiers make up a total of 5% of the recipe –How to decide the proportions of the emulsifiers

14. Statisticians Have Variety Opportunities exist in many fields So....you can find one you like and go in that direction

15. It is a great time to be a biostatistician! http://www.biostatpharma.com Google biostatistics prospective student KMonti@RhoWorld.com

16. When I graduated, I had no idea... How much writing I would do and how valuable my high school grammar class would be. That I should have taken more chemistry. How important team work is.

17. When I graduated, I had no idea... How much the field of statistics would continue to grow. How much you teach even when you dont teach. How valuable curiosity, common sense, and common courtesy are.