1. School Library Media Manager By Chalanna Tate

2. Historical Perspective of Education in the United States Education is forever changing because of new theories that were tested and sometimes discarded so educators continue to reinvent new ones. In the United States, education was individualized with teachers asking students to copy materials. In addition, during the early days, many students of poverty were educationally disenfranchised because of not have the money to pay for schooling. ( Woolls, B. (2008) The School Library Media Manager. Westport, CT:06881)

3. Education in America cont ’ d However, societies provided free education for students in the largest cities. In the 19 th century, societies adopted an approach to teach students called Lancasterian system (students taught at the same time). a. This approach included the following: 1. Same grouping ability (maximize instruction) 2. Older students taught; who then in turned taught younger students. 3. Copied blackboard practice problems. 4. Drill and practice ( Woolls, B. (2008) The School Library Media Manager. Westport, CT:06881)

4. Education in America cont ’ d 3. Copied blackboard practice problems. 4. Drill and practice 5. Students learned by rote memorization. 6. Teachers were required to plan lessons for teaching. ( Woolls, B. (2008) The School Library Media Manager. Westport, CT:06881)

5. Education in America cont ’ d As nation grew in population education changed. In the 20 th century, the creation of kindergarten started. In addition, in the 20 th century, changes were made to the legal age students attend school and the academic year for length of school days for students. ( Woolls, B. (2008) The School Library Media Manager. Westport, CT:06881)

6. Education in America cont ’ d The modern day approach of Education was based on revision of Dewey ’ s theories by William Heard Kirkpatrick. William Heard Kirkpatrick approach was that teachers were to facilitate students ’ learning. In 1950 Head Start Program was started. ( Woolls, B. (2008) The School Library Media Manager. Westport, CT:06881)

7. Education Today Teachers and School Library Media specialists must be certified in order to teach and work in the library. In the 21 st, century, education at the beginning was strictly by the loss of funds and made it difficult for districts to plan for schools. At the same time, schools underwent major reconstruction especially in leadership, because of the political climate and economic conditions. ( Woolls, B. (2008) The School Library Media Manager. Westport, CT:06881)

8. Education Today cont ’ d Schools became decentralized and teachers, staff, and parents were the decision makers in students education. Schools were redesigned to evaluate students ’ performances by developing standardized tests. The standardized tests brought about the focus on “ No Child Left Behind ”. ( Woolls, B. (2008) The School Library Media Manager. Westport, CT:06881)

9. Education Today cont ’ d The development of “ No Child Left Behind ” made changes in the way teachers teach students. Teachers teach the tests and other educational topics the teacher does not teach. Library media specialist had a difficult time collaborating with teachers because they spent time teaching the standardized achievement test. ( Woolls, B. (2008) The School Library Media Manager. Westport, CT:06881)

10. Education Today cont ’ d The new American Association of School Librarians Standards for the 21 st Century Learner addresses library media specialist responsibilities, dispositions and self-assessments. Library media specialist are to adhere to the standards because it is part of their job title. Various national associations came about in the 21 st century that were National Council for the Social Studies and National Council of Teachers of English. ( Woolls, B. (2008) The School Library Media Manager. Westport, CT:06881)

11. Libraries in the the educational arena In 1998, the mission of the school media library program was to provide access to materials in the library, instruction to stimulate interest in reading, using and viewing ideas and information and working with other educators to create learning strategies to meet needs of individual students. ( Woolls, B. (2008) The School Library Media Manager. Westport, CT:06881)

12. Libraries in the educational arena cont ’ d Prior the 1900s, schools had collections of books in the libraries. School librarians had slow growth in collecting books for the library. At the beginning of the 21 st century, the libraries included resources such as e-books, audio, animated and interactive books. ( Woolls, B. (2008) The School Library Media Manager. Westport, CT:06881)

13. Libraries in the educational arena cont ’ d School library media specialist job is to teach students how to use the library including cataloging books,classifying books and understanding the importance of reference books. In addition, school library media specialist job is to have updated books and materials in the library for students and teachers to check out. The school library media specialist work closely with the principal because he or she is the supervisor over the school. ( Woolls, B. (2008) The School Library Media Manager. Westport, CT:06881)

14. Conclusion All in all, education has change overtime because of new programs and theories were implemented. Education in the 21 st century has change the way teachers teach a lesson. Some teachers teach the potential test questions that could be a possibility on being on the standardized tests. Due to high stakes testing, many teachers spend less time teaching science, social studies and art. ( Woolls, B. (2008) The School Library Media Manager. Westport, CT:06881)

15. Conclusion cont ’ d Woolls, B. (2008). The School Library Media Manager. Westport, CT 06881 Personal contact ctate7618@gmail.com