1. World War II

2. War breaks out in Europe Jan. 1933 Hitler PM in Germany & est. the 3 rd Reich Needs living space- lebensraum March 1938 marches into Austria and takes it (eagerly want to be part of G) German speaking pop. Here in & Czech. http://arcweb.sos.state.or.u s/exhibits/ww2/before/fasc ism.htm

3. Hitler keeps moving… Now wants the western part of Czechoslovakia (Sudetenland) GB & France vow to protect C. 3 leaders meet in Munich- (M. Conference) –Hitler promises this will be the LAST –GB & France give him- appease Hitler to avoid war Chamberlain- “peace in Europe achieved” http://arcweb.sos.state.or.us/exhibits/ww2/before/fascism.htm

4. Poland! German & Russian speaking pop. GB & F vow to protect these areas A German invasion might bring in the Soviets too August 1939- Stalin & Hitler sign a non- aggression pact –No war –Split Poland into 2

5. Invasion of Poland Sept. 1, 1939 German invasion of Poland Blitzkrieg –Poland falls by the end of the month Sept. 3 rd France & GB declare war on Germany

6. Early stages of war Maginot Line- fortifications to keep G. out B & F wait for army-> “phony war” Soviets take Eastern Poland & other Baltic states –Invades Finland too Hitler –Invades Norway & Denmark (April 1940) –Better position to attack GB –May- Netherlands, Belgium & Luxembourg fall

8. Hitler’s success France falls easily June 1940 France’s fate (3) –Germany controls N. France –Vichy gov’t in Southern France est.- a Nazi puppet gov’t –Charles de Gaulle refuses to accept this- sets up exile gov’t in GB

9. Battle of Britain Air raid on London- wear down the morale of the people Hitler carries on for months (1940) Attempting to destroy the RAF RAF uses radar to detect German planes Hitler finally ends attack Churchill’s rally http://history.sandiego.edu/cdr2/WW2Pics2 /81930bg.JPG

10. Holocaust

11. WWII & America Congress allows US to sell goods to F & GB Sept. 1940- Axis powers est. –France gone & GB attacked by Hitler’s air raids 1940 Congress approves $$ for defense Pass a peace time draft in ’40 1940 FDR warns America of trouble if GB falls and that the US has to help defeat the Axis powers

12. FDR draws closer to war Lend-Lease Plan March 1941 USSR relations –Lend-lease program extended to USSR when Hitler invades there German U-Boats in Atlantic to sink US ships carrying supplies to Europe –1941 US Navy has permission to attack U-Boats in self-defense

13. Even closer… Churchill & FDR secretly meet on USS Augusta –C- wants US involvement Final result- Atlantic Charter Joint declaration of war aims –Collective security –Disarmament –Self-determination –Economic cooperation –Freedom of seas **basis of the United Nations FDR waiting to go to war http://www.ssa.gov/history/pics/acharter1.j pg

14. Japan & the Pacific Japanese: –Already controlling Manchuria –Invaded China –Taking E. colonial land (ex. Vietnam) –Wanted to control East Asia US Response: cut off trade with Japan (need oil!!) and attempt peace talks Americans aware of imminent Japanese attack (code breakers) –Didn’t know the potential location –Waiting for Japan to make the 1 st step towards war –Dec. 6 th all peace talks end http://arcweb.sos.state.or.us/exhibits/ww2/images/b efore/japan.jpg

15. Pearl Harbor Dec. 7, 1941 Japan attacks Hawaii 2 hours- –2, 403 killed –1, 178 wounded 8 battleships gone (luckily 3 aircraft carriers were out) Dec. 7 th FDR addresses Congress & asks for declaration of war –“a date which will live in infamy”

16. http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/images/g40000/g400 56.jpg

17. http://www.hist ory.navy.mil/ph otos/events/wwi i- pac/pearlhbr/ph -oa.htm

18. US prepares for warwar 2 wars- Europe & Pacific 5 million volunteer, but still need the draft Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC) –Female volunteers in non-combat jobs –Nurses, ambulance drivers, pilots, etc. Minorities? –Should they fight?? –300K M-A –1 Million A-A –13k C-A –33K J-A –25K N-A http://z.about.com/d/history1900s/1/0/l/S/wwii p24.jpg

19. Japanese Americans Fear of another Japanese attack 1942 evacuate J. from HI 1942- FDR orders that all J- A in CA, WA, OR, &AZ to “relocation centers” – 2/3 rd Nisei No evidence ever found, but FDR thought it was a security matter http://gainesjunction.tamu.edu/issues/vol3num1/mj ones/images/clip_image004.jpg

20. http://education.nebrwesleyan.edu/eisenhower/partsites/north eastpage/safarik/internmentpage.html... Victims of war time hysteria, these people, two-thirds of whom were United States citizens, lived a bleak and humiliating life in tar paper barracks behind barbed wire and under armed guard... -Sign at the Minidoka Relocation Center

21. American Workforce Car industry focuses on war production (1942) and others follow Many Americans working in these fields including women & minorities Scientists organized under the OSRD –Focus on new technology –Pesticide, penicillin, radar, etc. –Manhattan Project

22. War time! Worries about prices increasing Office of Price Administration (OPA) –Keep prices reasonable War bonds –Org. drives to collect goods that could be recycled into war products Rationing –Coupon books for scarce products for each family

23. Time to fight! Churchill & FDR meet for 3 weeks (Dec. 1941) to devise war strategy –Believe Germany & Italy posed a greater threat….focus on Japan after crippling Europe Hitler tries to blockade GB- Starve them to death –Allied response- convoy system- very successful

24. Battles Stalingrad- Stalin urges Allies to create a 2 nd front in Western Europe to relieve the Soviets –Allies not ready for that- go to Africa instead Leningrad North Africa Operation Torch- Eisenhower Desert Fox Successful by ’43 FDR & Churchill meet in Africa to devise next stage –Italy! –Unconditional surrender

25. VE Day! D-Day June 6 th, 1944 Operation Overlord Battle of the Bulge April 25 th, 1945 –Soviets in Berlin –April 30 th Hitler commits suicide –Week later the 3 rd Reich surrenders to Eisenhower –May 8 th - VE day! –April 12 th FDR dies of a stroke in GA –Harry S. Truman new president

26. Eisenhower http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/timeline/dday.h tm

27. Utah Beach

29. War in the Pacific Douglas MacArthur Japanese control Hong Kong, French Indochina, Malaya, Burma, Thailand & most of China March 1942 American forces leave Philippines and promise to return April 1942 air raid on Tokyo- Doolittle’s Raid

30. Pacific Battles Coral Sea Midway- turning point Guadalcanal Iwo Jima Okinawa

31. Manhattan Project Invasion on Japan- too costly Head of project- Leslie Groves & Robert Oppenheimer –Practice test- July 16, 1945 (NM) Late July- Truman warns Japan to surrender (refuse!) –August 6 th - Hiroshima –August 9 th - Nagasaki Sept. 2 nd official surrender by the emperor

32. Meetings of the Mind Casablanca- FDR & Churchill –Jan. 1943 –Invade Sicily –Want unconditional surrender Tehran- FDR, C & S –Nov. 1943 –B & A invade France & S invade Germany and eventually join Pacific war

33. Meetings of the Mind Part II Yalta- FDR, C, & S –Feb. 1945 –Germany divided in occupation zones –Free elections in E. Europe (S- controlled) –S. enter Pacific War –Est. of United Nations Potsdam- S, Truman, & Attlee –July- Aug. 1945 –Warn Japan to surrender –Hold trials for Nazi leaders

34. After the War America –300 K died, 800K wounded –$320 billion (10X greater than WWI) Congress accepts the UN- Proposed by US, USSR, GB, & China US one of the few to leave the war without substantial damage to cities Prosperous & Powerful