1. Chapter 1
The Pleasure of Music

2. What you will learn
Describe the various ways music enhances our lives.
Discuss the role of the family in two musical dynasties.
Describe how globalization affects the music we hear.
Identify use of the “clave” in various music styles.

3. Vocabulary
Form
Call and response
Clave
Beat
Melody
Pitch
Canon

4. Musician Profiles
Johann Sebastian Bach
Angelique Kidjo

5. Listening For each song, answer the following questions.
What is the genre of this music. (rock, jazz, classical, etc.)
When do you think this music was written?
What is the mood of the piece? What emotions is the composer trying to convey?
What would be a good title?

6. A Unique Record of Humanity
Our ability to make music makes us unique
Music reflects the very essence of human creativity
Time Capsule to the stars
Gold plated, copper phonograph records were attached to Voyager 1 and 2 which were launched in 1977

7. Voyager Gold records include: Greeting is 51 languages
Digitized photos
Sounds
A pictorial account of humanity’s most notable achievements
Clips of Earth’s most important music

8. Voyager’s music - assignment
Music was included as “a creditable attempt to convey human emotions”
Activity 1, p. 5 – CD1:1-6 listen to 6 musical selections. Use the listening guide to answer the following questions.
Name the culture associated with each piece of music
What type of music (rock, opera, Jazz) does each selection represent
Is the music from our era or from some time in history long ago?
Are there common characteristics among the six pieces? If so, name them.
If you were to choose six selections that would define the music of you generation, which ones would you choose? Why?

9. Activity 1, p. 5 Ex. 1 Ex. 2 Ex. 3 Ex. 4 Ex. 5 Ex. 6
“El Cascabel” – Mexican culture, Mariachi music, current era
Ex. 2
“Johnny B. Goode” – North American/African-American culture, sung by Chuck Berry, early Rock, current era
Ex. 3
“Queen of the Night” – Western culture, classical opera aria by Mozart, classical, late 18th century, still performed today
Ex. 4
“Prelude and Fugue in C” – Western culture, keyboard composition by J.S. Bach, early 18th century, still studied and played today
Ex. 5
“Izlel je Delyo Hagdutin” – East European culture, traditional Bulgarian, older but still sung today
Ex. 6
“Dark Was the Night” - North American/African-American, blues, not heard often today

10. Activity 1, p. 5 - continued
Are there common characteristics among the six pieces? If so, name them.
Most use instruments
All are musical entertainment
Most tell a story

11. The Future of Voyager and Its Cargo
By 2003 Voyager I had left the solar system.

12. Listening to the Music of Earth - assignment
What might a life form discovering the records think of Earth and its people?
What devices are used to create the sounds
Assignment – Write a brief paragraph answering “Why do you think music was included on the voyager recordings? What messages do you think the music would convey about human beings to alien life forms?” due tomorrow

13. Music and the Individual
In what ways are your musical tastes similar to your friends? In what ways are they different?
Musical Connections to childhood
Exposure to music begins in childhood
What were your favorite songs as a child?
Childhood songs play an important role in a culture
Form-
The structure and design of a composition, incorporating repetition, contrast, unity, and variety
Call and response –
Question and answer pattern in which a group responds to a leader

14. Activity 2, p. 8 – “Kye Kye Kule” CD1:7
Call and response in an African game song- figure 1-2 on p. 9
Who sings the call and who sings the response
The leader sings the call and children imitate the call
In what way does the call and response structure seem to fit this childhood song?
This is a traditional way children learn music in many cultures
What is the mood of the song?
Playful and childlike
What game do you imagine the children playing while they sing this song? What musical characteristics in the song made you envision this game?

15. Musical Preferences Do you enjoy the music of your parents?
Activity 3, p. 10 CD 1:8-13 – Musical Identity worksheet
Label and rate types of music
If you could be in the audience of any of these performers at a live concert, which would it be? (Rate each piece from 1 to 6, where 1 is identify with most and 6 is identify with least.) Why?
If you could join any of these performers on stage as an actual performing musician, which would it be? (Rate each piece form 1 to 6) What would your musical role be? Why?
What do you think your ratings of these pieces reveal about who you are?
Which of these songs do you think the majority of your classmates identify with most? Least? Why?

16. Family and Musical Identity
Assignment – Create a list of songs that you associate with certain family members or that you recall being played in your home. Write a brief description of the memory associated with each song.

17. Family and Musical Identity
Did your family members’ musical tastes influence your own?
Are there songs you associate with family traditions and gatherings?
Musical families
Music plays a more important role in some families than others
In some families it takes on a professional role.

18. Johann Sebastian Bach (German: 1685-1750)
One of the world’s greatest composers
Most members of the family were professional musicians – seven generations
He played harpsichord as a child
He spent his life as a court or church organist
In his day he was most famous for his organ playing and improvisational skills
1000 of his works survive today
His children were famous for their musical achievements.

19. Bach and family
Carl Philip Emanuel Bach
Johann Christian Bach

20. Marsalis Family
Ellis Marsalis – father, pianist, composer, and teacher
“Twelve's It” Ellis Marsalis Trio

21. Marsalis Family Bradford – saxophone Several Grammy awards
Cherokee – Branford Marsalis trio

22. Marsalis Family Wynton – trumpet Pulitzer prize
Director of Lincoln Center Jazz Orchestra
Wynton Marsalis & Eric Clapton – Layla
Portrait of Louis Armstrong - Wynton Marsalis

23. Marsalis Family Delfeayo – producer Jason – drums Marsalis Family
Sultry Serenade / Ellis & Delfeayo Marsalis
Jason – drums
Ellis Marsalis Trio & Jason Marsalis
Marsalis Family
Swinging At The Haven / Marsalis Family

24. Activity 4, p. 13 Compare the works of the Marsalis family
Bachianas Brasileiras CD 1:14 – Branford
“Mood Indigo”CD 1:15 – Ellis
“Allegro” CD 1:16 from Concerto in D major - Wynton

25. The Global Reach of Music
Music is a global expression
Our capacity to respond to and derive pleasure from music is universal
World influences
Modern technology has made it possible to access and share music from different countries

26. Angelique Kidjo (b. 1960), African singer
She fuses West African music with characteristics of America, Europe, and Latin America
As a youth she learned about African music
As an adult she learned about jazz, rock, salsa, and rumba
She’s won 3 Grammy nominations
She works with a diverse group of singers

27. Activity 5, p. 15 CD 1:17
Listen “tche-tche” – an Afro-pop rendition of “Kye Kye Kule”
During which part of Kidjo’s song can you hear the traditional version of the Ghanian song?
It is heard in the refrain
What other influences can you hear in this song? Do you hear any elements that you might characterize as American, European, or Latin American?
Traditional influences, pop style, African drumming, Latin instruments
Who do you think was the intended audience of this version of the song? Explain.
Universal popular music market

28. West African rhythms
The music of West Africa has made an important contribution to our own culture
Jazz especially, has been influenced by the rhythms of African drumming
Clave –
A basic rhythmic pattern that provides the foundation for the complex rhythms played by multiple drums
Usually played on an iron bell or claves
Beat –
A steady recurring pulse

29. Activity 6, p. 16 Recognize the clave pattern
Gome drumming – drumming performed by the Ga people of Ghana
Video
CD 1:18
Cha-cha – Afro –Cuban
Dance
CD 1:19

30. Activity 7, p. 17 Clave patterns can be heard in many kinds of music
1955 – Bo Diddley, rock and roll
“CD 1:20” – rhythm closely related to the West African clave
“Vamanos P’al Monte” – dance tune
Pattern is reversed
Video
CD 1:21

31. The European Influence on World Music
A large part of America’s population finds its roots in Europe
Germany and Austria have had a large influence on musical culture
Melody:
An intentionally organize succession of musical tones
Pitch:
The highness or lowness of sound determined by its frequency
Ellis Island

32. Activity 8, p. 18 CD 1:22 Canon in D by Johann Pachelbel (1653-1706)
A musical form where parts enter at different times by have the same melody throughout.
Pachelbel’s focused on one pitch instead of rhythm
He wrote a variety of works for organ and harpsichord.

33. Activity 9, p. 19 Compare two types of music
“The Best Times of Our Lives”
Symphony No. 40
Which of the two pieces was more challenging?
What are some similarities between the two pieces of music?
Were you surprised by these similarities? Why or why not?
What do you think about when you hear such divergent music sharing the same beat pattern

34. Technology and the Future of Music
It is now easy to hear a variety of music anytime, anywhere.
Itunes
Shazam
Meet the Musician – Halie Silverman, trumpet, p. 20
Performing Concert Etude

35. Music to me - video
What were some of the reasons the musicians shared about why the play music?
Why do you play or listen to music?
Based on what you heard from the young musicians, what does it take to get really good at music?
Does this apply to other activities, like sports or academics? How?
What were some examples the musicians shared about classical music in popular culture?
What are some of the stereotypes about classical music that the musicians shared?
What else could you add? Do you agree?
What are some stereotypes about other kinds of music?

36. Review – terms Beat Call and response Canon Clave
A steady recurring pulse
Call and response
A question and answer pattern in which a group responds to a leader
Canon
A musical form where parts enter at different times but have the same melody throughout
Clave
A basic rhythmic pattern that provides the foundation for the complex rhythms played by multiple drums

37. Form
The structure and design of a composition, incorporating repetition, contrast, unity, and variety
Melody
An intentionally organized succession of musical tones
Pitch
The highness or lowness of sound determined by its frequency of vibration

38. Review - people Composed “Mood Indigo” Composed Symphony No. 40
Ellis Marsalis
Composed Symphony No. 40
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Contemporary trumpeter from musical family
Wynton Marsalis
Head of a twentieth century musical dynasty
Member of the Marsalis family who plays the saxophone
Branford

39. Composer who influenced the development of classical music
Johann Sebastian Bach
Fused West African music with American styles of rhythm and blues, funk, and jazz
Angelique Kidjo
Composer credited with Canon in D
Johann Pachelbel
Composer who wrote Concerto in D Major
Michael Haydn
Famous for playing and improvising on the organ

40. Review – misc.
From what country is the children’s song “Kye Kye Kule”?
Ghana
In most cultures, when does a child’s exposure to music begin?
From a very early age
What did the music included on the Voyager time capsule represent?
A broad range of cultures
What are the time capsules of music on Voyager
Phonograph records

41. In what types of music can clave patterns be heard?
Latin jazz, West African drumming, and rhythm and blues
Which country’s music reflects a British influence, yet still retains a flavor all its own?
Ghana

42. Review - Essay Discuss globalization in today’s music.
Technology makes it possible to hear a variety of music from different countries
Contemporary composers and musicians are influenced by the music of other countries
They blend elements to create music with a universal appeal
In what ways does music enhance lives?
Entertaining, amusing, and inspiring
Enhances celebrations, rituals, and commemorative ceremonies
Provides people with a means of self-expression

43. Compare and contrast the Bach and Marsalis families
Compare and contrast the Bach and Marsalis families. Why are the know as “musical dynasties”?
Bach
Marsalis
Guided by father
Produced composers and musicians
Active during the 18th century
Influenced the development of classical music
Guided by father
Produced composers and musicians
Active currently
Mainly known for jazz
Called musical dynasties because family members from different generations achieved fame as musicians.