1. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ CHAPTER 15 General Pharmacology

2. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Pharmacology K ey Term The study of drugs, their sources, characteristics, and effects

3. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Overview of Medications Used by the EMT–B

4. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Medications Carried on the EMS Unit Activated charcoal Oral glucose Oxygen

5. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Medications Prescribed to Patients Prescribed inhaler Nitroglycerin Epinephrine

6. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ What the EMT–B Needs to Know About Medications

7. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Medication Names All listed in U.S. Pharmacopoeia Generic name Chemical name Trade name

8. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ 3 Types of Medication Names Generic name: epinephrine Chemical name: B- (e, 4 dihydroxyphenyl) amethylaminoethanol Trade name: Epi-Pen®

9. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Forms of Medications

10. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Compressed Powders or Tablets

11. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Liquids for Injection

12. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Gels

13. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Suspensions

14. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Fine Powder for Inhalation

15. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Gases

16. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Sublingual Spray

17. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Metered-Dose Inhaler

18. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Indication Specific sign, symptom, or circumstance that makes it appropriate to administer a drug

19. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Contraindication Specific sign, symptom, or circumstance in which it would be inappropriate, or harmful, to administer a drug

20. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Dose How much should be given to a patient Actions Desired effects on a patient Route How the medication is administered (i.e., orally, sublingually, by injection)

21. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Any action of the drug other than the desired actions Some side effects are predictable (e.g., headache as a side effect of nitroglycerin). Side Effects

22. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Proper Use of Medications in the Field

23. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Medication Administration Four “Rights” Right patient? Right medication? Right dose? Right route?

24. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Medication Administration Patients must be reassessed after medication is administered. Repeat vital signs. Document patient’s response to medication.

25. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ 1. Define the following terms: Generic name Trade name Indication Contraindication Dose Action Side effect Review Questions

26. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ 2. List the forms of medications. 3. List the four rights in medication administration. 4. Why must patients be reassessed after medication has been given? Review Questions

27. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ What additional patient history should you obtain? Should you let the patient take nitroglycerin? Why or why not? S TREET S CENES

28. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Are vital signs important if nitroglycerin is going to be taken by the patient? What information do you want to know about nitroglycerin? S TREET S CENES

29. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ How should the nitroglycerin be administered? When should vital signs be taken again? S TREET S CENES

30. Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Sample Documentation