1. Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys Survey Design Workshop
Using GPS to collect cluster locations
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop

2. MICS4 Survey Design Workshop
What is GPS
GPS is a satellite-based navigation system
A GPS unit determines its position using satellites that orbit the earth. Each satellite’s position, as well as the current time, is transmitted via radio signals. The GPS unit receives these signals and uses them to calculate its position in terms of latitude, longitude, and altitude
There is a variety of GPS brands and models
Recommended model for use in MICS surveys is GARMIN ETREX GPS
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop

3. Why use GPS to collect cluster locations
Permits linking of additional data to MICS data through geographic links
E.g. Census data, facility data, other geo-located data
Permits geographic grouping of data beyond region
E.g. Climactic zones, agricultural zones, etc.
Permits mapping of sample clusters
E.g. with DevInfo
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop

4. Examples of what GPS data can bring to MICS
Source: DHS studies
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop

5. Decision Process for GPS Data Collection Method
Using pre-existing GPS data
Ex. using Geo-referenced Census
GPS coordinates can be acquired before the survey or listing (after EA selection)
Collection of GPS during listing
If not talk to the survey manager to discuss possible options (strong recommendation to collect GPS data during listing activities)
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop

6. GPS Collection Process
The GPS collection teams collect one waypoint (location) for each assigned cluster
The waypoints are captured as close to the geographic center of the cluster as possible
Saved information are waypoint name (cluster number), latitude, longitude, and altitude to the GPS unit
These information should also be written down on GPS form that will serve as a paper back-up if any digital data in the GPS unit is lost or corrupted
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop

7. MICS4 Survey Design Workshop
GPS Collection Teams
GPS data collection may be incorporated into different phases of survey:
If the GPS units are used to update the sample frame, then listing teams are responsible for collecting the GPS data
GPS data collection may also take place during interviews, in which case one person on a team may be responsible for collecting the GPS waypoints
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop

8. MICS4 Survey Design Workshop
How to use GPS
Finding a “Good” Location to Collect a GPS Waypoint
Activate GPS
Identify and mark location (“waypoint”)
Record location on form
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop

9. 1. Finding a “Good” Location to Collect a GPS Waypoint
Find a place with a clear unobstructed view of the sky
First Choice: Geographic center of the populated settlement area of the cluster
Second Choice: Open area near the center, or on top of a building in the center
The first step is to identify where you will collect the point. As you remember, the less obstructions in the sky, the more satellites the receiver can pick up, and the more accurate the coordinate.
First attempt to collect a point in the geographic centre of the cluster. If near the centre of the cluster does not provide adequate coverage, then find another location near the centre of the cluster in an open area or on the top of a building near the centre of the cluster.
If it is not possible to find a clear view of the sky, then walk until you can find an adequate view of the sky.
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop

10. MICS4 Survey Design Workshop
2. Activate Garmin
Turn on the Garmin. Once it has locked into enough satellites then press the Page button until you reach the MENU screen and select MARK.
[Read Slide]
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop

11. MICS4 Survey Design Workshop
3. Assign Cluster Number
Highlight the Waypoint ID
Enter in the Cluster Number
Waypoint ID
Coordinate
Each cluster will be assigned a GPS ID equal to the number of the cluster. You will need to enter this ID in the waypoint screen when you capture a point. Highlight the waypoint number in the flag, press the enter key and enter in the facility ID.
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop

12. MICS4 Survey Design Workshop
4. Complete GPS Form
Complete the GPS Form
Highlight OK and click Enter
The coordinates displayed will be recorded in the GPS Form.
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop

13. MICS4 Survey Design Workshop
GEOGRAPHIC POSITIONING SYSTEM FORM GP
GP1. Cluster number:
___ ___ ___
GP2. Area: Urban 1 Rural 2
GP3. Region: Region 1 1 Region 2 2 Region 3 3 Region 4 4
GP4. Operator name and number:
Name ___ ___
GP5. Day/Month/Year of measurement:
___ ___ / ___ ___ / ___ ___ ___ ___
Checked estimated accuracy (after “ready to navigate”)
Marked Waypoint
Renamed Waypoint to cluster number
Recorded Waypoint’s position
Saved Waypoint
GP6. Waypoint name:
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
N/S/E/W Degrees Decimal degrees
GP7. Latitude:
N S ___ ___ . ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
GP8. Longitude:
E W ___ ___ ___ . ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
GP9. Altitude:
Elevation (Meters) ___ ___ ___ . ___ ___ __
Example of Log Sheet
[Explain how to fill out log sheet]
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop

14. Post Field GPS data checking and cleaning
When GPS data return from field work, the GPS Data Collection Coordinator checks that the GPS data are correct
S/he uses GPS TrackMaker1, a free geographic information system, to plot the GPS points and check for common errors
The GPS TrackMaker® program for Windows® 98SE/2000/ME/XP/Vista allows bi-directional datacommunications between GPS receivers and your computer, including full data editing and storage options
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop

15. Common errors in the GPS data
Duplicate or Paired Points
Missing Data
Administrative Mismatches
Hand-Entry Typos
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop

16. MICS4 Survey Design Workshop
With thanks to
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop