2.  All living things are made of cells.  Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things.  New cells are produced from existing cells.

3.  Anton van Leeuwenhoek  Dutch Businessman 1600’s  Invented first powerful microscope (300X)  Examined pond water  Saw “little animals”

4.  Simple Microscope-1 lens.  Ex. Magnifying lens  Compound Light Microscope- uses light and many lenses to view small objects.  Ex. *Our Lab*

6. 1.) Body Tube- tube of mirrors connecting objective lens and eyepiece 2.) Revolving Nosepiece- moves lens into place 3.) Low Power Objective- 4x or 10x; locates specimen 4.) Medium Power Objective- 10x; locates specimen 5.) High Power Objective- 40x; greater magnification

7.  6.) Stage Clips- holds slides in place  7.) Diaphragm- controls the amount of light  8.) Illuminator/Light-  9.) Eyepiece (Ocular Lens)- piece you look through, magnifies 10 times (10x)  10.) Arm- supports body tube

8.  11.) Stage- holds the slide  Stage Opening- circle where light passes through  12.) Coarse Adjustment- used for FIRST focusing, moves body tube  13.) Fine Adjustment- sharpens image, final focusing  14.) Base- bottom

9.  Slide- holds the specimen (glass or plastic)  Slide Cover- covers specimen so it doesn’t move  Lens Paper- cleans lenses

10.  One hand on arm, one hand on base, electric cord securely wrapped and looking forward.

11.  Ocular Lens X Objective Lens =Total Magnification  10XX4X =40X  10XX10X =100X  10XX40X =400X

12.  Put slide under stage clips.  Focus using low power (4X). Coarse -> Fine  Switch to higher power (10X or 40X).  *ONLY USE FINE ADJUSTMENT ON 40X LENS!

13.  Robert Hooke- English Physicist  observed plant cells  named the word “cell” (Jail cells)

14.  Cell Membrane- ALL cells are surrounded by a thin flexible barrier.  Nucleus- Large membrane enclosed structure that contains genetic material in the form of DNA and controls many of the cells activities.

15.  Enclose DNA in their nuclei

16.  Cells that do not enclose DNA in their nuclei

17. ProkaryoticEukaryotic SimpleComplex UnicellularMostly Multicellular No NucleusNucleus No OrganellesOrganelles First Cells on Earth Ex. BacteriaEx. Plant & Animal Cells

18. Plant CellAnimal Cell Eukaryotic Cell WallCell Membrane Photosynthesis/ChlorophyllObtain Energy/ Eat Boxlike ShapeVarious Shapes