1. By: Steve Caswell Caitlin Anderson Leanne Heffernan Amy O’Connell

2. Overview Introduction Game Instructions Game Objectives Planning and Strategy Competition Risk Taking Managerial skills Learning

3. The Malaysian Business Game Ahmad and Osman Multi-cultural management training game Congkak Goal of the game is to collect more chips in your home base than your opponent

4. The Malaysian Business Game Before you start you need: 2 or more players, best with even numbers 30 – 60 minutes 10 small/medium bowls, 2 larger bowls, 50 poker chips or marbles per pair of players Each player is paired up and sits across from their opponent Each player gets five small/medium bowls with five chips placed in them and one large bowl, these bowls are placed in front of them

5. The Malaysian Business Game To play: Each opponent chooses one of their five bowls and removes the chips from this bowl Each player then deposits one chip in each bowl starting with the bowl to their immediate left and continuing in a cycle The cycle includes your opponents bowl, however you do not put one chip in your opponents home base

6. The Malaysian Business Game To play (continued): Once all those chips have been placed in a different bowl, do the same thing with the bowl to the left Once you have reached your last bowl start with your first bowl, you continue the cycle with your opponents first bowl This movement of chips is continued until all chips have been put into a home base bowl

7. The Malaysian Business Game Other game rules: You never move the chips that are in a home base If your cycle of chips ends in an opponents empty bowl you are “dead” and do not take any more turns until your opponent dies as well If your cycle ends with putting your last chip in an empty bowl of your own you “acquire” all the chips in your opponents respective bowl and place them in your own home base bowl If your last chip of the cycle is put in your home base, you can choose any of your own bowls to start again from, this is where strategy comes in

8. The Malaysian Business Game The game ends when all chips have been moved into either of the home bases The winner of the game is the person who has accumulated the most chips in their home base

9. Strategy & Planning Communication Team members and opponents Focus and patience Observance Bowls, chips and opponents Planning your moves

10. Competition Foresight Intelligence Math skills Speed Confusion

11. Competition Unethical behaviours Aggressiveness Masculine attributes (need to win) Interest/enjoyment Feminine attributes (experience and sympathy)

12. Risk Taking Low vs. High uncertainty avoidance High uncertainty avoidance cultures may take more risks Low uncertainty avoidance may make safe moves Long-term orientated cultures plan ahead

13. Managerial Skills Skills needed: Concentration Ability to strategize Foresight Team work Quick thinking

14. Learning Communication skills Working with team members Individualistic/Collectivist Listening skills High /low power distance Adapting Low/ high uncertainty avoidance

15. Questions?