1. The Cosmic Simulator Daniel Kasen (UCB & LBNL) Peter Nugent, Rollin Thomas, Julian Borrill & Christina Siegerist

2. Daniel Kasen SC 20032 The History of the Universe

3. Daniel Kasen SC 20033 Foundations for a Cosmic Simulator Currently: 24 projects - 20% of Seaborg Planck Sloan LISA JWST Early Universe Galaxies & Large Scale Structure Star Formation Supernovae Black Holes JDEM Observations Simulations

4. Daniel Kasen SC 20034 The National Virtual Observatory (NVO) The NVO links together disparate observational programs by: - connecting distributed data components - linking them to Grid computing resources - developing standards for data interchange and data provenance Computational Astrophysics must be linked in a similar fashion, and soon, or the data will overtake us….

5. Daniel Kasen SC 20035 Cosmic Simulator Simulations no longer exist in splendid isolation, but now overlap in the intermediate regimes between their core domains.  Component simulations can be linked together to provide a coherent, end-to-end, history of the Cosmos.  Simulation data will be made accessible for comparison with observations and for providing the initial conditions for the next simulation step.  Key issues include computational steering, grid and sub-grid selection and interpolation, and data interfaces.

6. Daniel Kasen SC 20036 The Early Universe Observations: Planck/CMB Simulations: Julian Borrill

7. Daniel Kasen SC 20037 Galaxy/Structure Formation Observations: Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Simulations: Joel Primack

8. Daniel Kasen SC 20038 Supernova Explosions Observations: Joint Dark Energy Mission (JDEM) Simulations: A.Mezzacappa, P. Nugent, D. Kasen

9. Daniel Kasen SC 20039 Black Holes and Gravitational Radiation Observations: Laser Interferometer from Space (LISA) Simulations: Ed Siedel

10. Daniel Kasen SC 200310 The Orgin of Supernovae Confronting Theory and Observations

11. Daniel Kasen SC 200311 SNe Ia and their Companions courtesy: http://zenith.as.arizona.edu/~burrows/movies.html Marietta et al. (2000) examined the effects of a supernova running into its companion star. The impact carves out a hole in the supernova...

12. Daniel Kasen SC 200312 Supernovae With a Hole? Unfortunately observed supernovae are too far away to be resolved, so we can’t directly look for such a hole.

13. Daniel Kasen SC 200313 Supernova Spectra with simulations, we can interpret the colors

14. Daniel Kasen SC 200314 3-D Monte Carlo Radiation Transfer Memory/Computing: ~ 10 6 cells/10 3 wavelengths  ~20 GB  ~20 GB ~10^11 photons:  ~20,000 hours  ~20,000 hours Scales well, currently runs on ~2056 processors on the IBM SP Seaborg at NERSC

15. Daniel Kasen SC 200315 Looking down and around the hole Changes in the spectrum provide signatures of the hole

16. Daniel Kasen SC 200316 Diversity and Asymmetry A unifying picture?

17. Daniel Kasen SC 200317 Conclusions Astronomy faces a data avalanche. Breakthroughs and advancements in telescope, detector, and computer technology allow astronomical surveys to produce terabytes of images and catalogs. These datasets will cover large fractions of the sky spanning the spectrum from gamma-rays through optical to radio, and will allow us to probe fundamental questions in physics and astronomy that were unimaginable just a few years ago. However, the study and analysis of this data can only be accomplished with equal advancements in computational simulations and data reduction. The National Academy of Science Astronomy and Astrophysics Survey Committee in its Decadal survey recommends a multi-agency effort to establish the National Virtual Observatory (NVO). Given the increasing involvement of the DOE in astrophysics and its long history of excellence in computational research the Cosmic Simulator is a natural goal. It also provides a direct link to the NVO. Together these will provide both the framework to link the archival data sets, ongoing space and ground surveys, and computational resources necessary to produce the best science possible as we attempt to understand the Universe from beginning to end.