1. Social Studies Benchmark 2 Study Guide Answers

2. 1. What was the goal of the Freedmen’s Bureau? To provide clothing, food, and education to former slaves. 2. What is sharecropping? the landowner leased the land to several farmers and took a share of the crops. 3.What are the Jim Crow Laws? Laws that enforced separation of African Americans and whites.

3. 4._G__ 13 th Amendment 5. _D__ 14 th Amendment 6. _A__ 15 th Amendment 7. _B__ 19 th Amendment 8. _F__ 23 rd Amendment 9. _C__ 24 th Amendment 10. _E_ 26 th Amendment A.Gave all men the right to vote no matter what race B.Gave all women the right to vote C.Ended poll tax D.Gave citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the United States, regardless of race E.Set the voting age to 18 F.Granted 3 electoral votes to Washington, D.C. G.Abolished slavery

4. 11.What is the purpose of the amendment process? So small groups of people can’t make big changes that most people do not want. (have to have majority) 12.What does the right to “due process” mean? Every one has to be treated fairly. 14. The leaders of the country make decisions about your life, liberty, and property. Suppose they make these decisions in secret. They do not allow you or anyone else to participate. NO

5. 15. The police suspect you of a crime. Suppose they search your house with a warrant and find evidence against you. YES 16. Why were the cattle drives important? To get cattle to the east. 17.How did the movement of cattle affect the price? the price of cattle went down 18.What two famous cattle trails did cowboys use to drive cattle to the north? The Great Western Trail and the Chilsholm Trail

6. 19.How did the Spanish-American War begin? The USS Main exploded in a Cuban Harbor 20.William McKinley is responsible for the Spanish American War. This helped America expand by gaining Puerto Rico,Guam, and the Philippines. 21.Theodore Roosevelt’s is responsible for building the Panama Canal. 22.What is the Panama Canal and why is it important? A waterway that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. It promotes trade

7. 23.How did the Panama Canal and the Spanish- American War play a role in global expansion of the United States? The Panama Canal promoted trade and the Spanish American War gained territories and other countries realized the US military was superior 24.Name three reasons people emigrated to the United States. These are called push factors. Persecution, starvation, disease, poverty, effects of war in homeland 25.Where did most European immigrants settle? What jobs did they find? In the north; working in factories

8. _D_ 26. Wright Brothers _H_ 27. Alexander Graham Bell _E_ 28. George Washington Carver _A_ 29. Thomas Edison A.Invented the electric light bulb E. Discovered different uses for peanuts, sweet potatoes, and pecans by crop rotation method. H. Invented the telephone D. Invented the airplane

9. How do we amend the Constitution? The 4 step - Amendment Process: Step 1: Congress proposes a new amendment. 2/3 of the House of Representatives and 2/3 of the Senate must pass the bill Step 2: The proposed amendment is sent to the states (It must be sent to the states before the legislatures can choose and the legislatures must choose before 3/4 of the states can ratify) Step 3: State Legislatures choose to ratify or reject the amendment Step 4: ¾ of the states must ratify the amendment so it can be added to the Constitution

10. Be prepared to discuss in writing what “push” and “pull” factors are, and how they influenced immigration to the United States. You must be able to provide examples of both “push” and “pull” factors. ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ _______________________