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What is psychosis? D B Double http://www.dbdouble.freeuk.com/Psychosis.ppt http://www.dbdouble.freeuk.com/Psychosis.ppt
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Symptoms Hallucinations Delusions Thought disorder 'Loss of contact with reality'
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Disorders Schizophrenia Manic-depression (Bipolar disorder) Paranoid disorder (Delusional disorder) Psychotic depression
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Classificatory criteria International classification of diseases (ICD) Diagnostic and statistical manual (DSM) of American Psychiatric Association Distinction between schizophrenia and manic-depression (bipolar disorder) Organic versus functional disorders
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Epidemiology Most common risk period of first-episode psychosis is ages 14 to 35 Lifetime risk schizophrenia 1 in 100, and similarly for bipolar disorder Greatest risk of diagnosis of schizophrenia in socially deprived, especially young men 10-15% of population experience hallucinations at some point in their life
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Outcome Less than a quarter remain permanently affected Third complete recovery Better outcome generally in developing countries than industrialised nations Sudden onset better outcome than gradual
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Management Understanding in context Management of disturbance may require Mental Health Act Psychosocial interventions, support and facilitation of recovery Specific psychological treatments and family interventions Rehabilitation
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Medication Traditional and atypical anti-psychotic drugs Acute and preventative treatment Mood-stabilising medication (Antidepressants and minor tranquillisers) Side effects and discontinuation problems
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What is mental illness?
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Conclusion - ? Brain disorder (such as chemical imbalance) Research not led to clear conclusions All experience and behaviour involves neurochemical changes and this is true for 'normal' as well as psychotic experience
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Further reading Recent Advances in Understanding Mental Illness and Psychotic Experiences. British Psychological Society report (link)link Critical psychiatry website (http://www.anti-psychiatry.co.uk/)http://www.anti-psychiatry.co.uk/)
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