1. GUIDANCE
“Direct and indirect actions used by caregivers to help children develop appropriate behavior patterns.”

2. Effective Guidance and Discipline should…
Maintain child’s self-esteem
Produce desired change in behavior
Teach self-control
Produce pro-social behaviors:
Cooperation and helpfulness
Verbal and physical comfort to others
Accepting others feelings
Sharing

3. Direct Guidance--Nonverbal
Eye contact
Facial gestures
Body gestures

4. Direct Guidance--Verbal
Guidelines for effective verbal guidance:
Use simple language
Speak in a relaxed voice (Save LOUD for emergencies. When you raise your voice, children generally become louder.
Be positive (Use statements that give children a positive direction to take, not just a negative “don’t”.)

5. Direct Guidance—Verbal cont.
Offer choices with care—only offer when the child actually has a choice
Encourage independence and cooperation
Expect children to dress themselves, pick up after themselves, solve conflicts on their own
Encourage children to cooperate and help others

6. Direct Guidance—Verbal cont.
Be firm
Be consistent
Discipline and approval should be given consistently from one behavior to another and from one child to the other
Provide transitions to help children cope with a change in schedule
Consider the child’s feelings

7. Direct Guidance—Verbal cont.
Intervene when necessary
Interrupt when you can add to a child’s knowledge or to promote health and safety
Prevent impoliteness
Help settle property arguments
Help children take turns

8. Indirect Guidance
Using the environment to guide and direct children’s behavior
Room set-up
Visibility of the children
Position of caregiver in the room
Child-friendly hooks, furniture, stepstools, etc.

9. Can you tell the difference?
Look at the next slides and decide if each is indirect or direct guidance.

10. Direct or Indirect Guidance?
Removing a hot saucepan from the cooking area

11. Direct or Indirect Guidance?
Offering a child a choice of a cracker or a piece of toast

12. Direct or Indirect Guidance?
Telling the child to go into the kitchen for snack.

13. Direct or Indirect Guidance?
Lowering the easel so the child can easily reach the paper.

14. Direct or Indirect Guidance?
Moving a child’s coat hook to a lower position in his or her locker.

15. Direct or Indirect Guidance?
Saying to a child, “You need to pick up that piece of paper you dropped.”

16. Direct or Indirect Guidance?
Telling Tommy, “You’ll loose your place in line if you keep pushing the other children.”

17. Direct or Indirect Guidance?
Putting in simple puzzles in the small motor area of the preschool.

18. Direct or Indirect Guidance?
Providing a place mat with an outline of a glass, plate, spoon and fork.

19. Direct or Indirect Guidance?
Suggesting to Wendy, that she put her arm around Kris, who is crying.

20. Direct or Indirect Guidance?
Telling a child that his drawing is great!

21. Direct or Indirect Guidance?
Keeping your desk against a wall so you can see all the children in the classroom.

22. Direct or Indirect Guidance?
Reminding children to cover their mouths when they cough.

23. Direct or Indirect Guidance?
Placing a picture of the toy wagon on the shelf where it is stored.

24. Direct or Indirect Guidance?
Buying two more tricycles for the play yard, since the trikes are popular toys during outdoor play.

25. Indirect Guidance Removing a hot saucepan from the cooking area
Lowering the easel so the child can easily reach the paper.
Moving a child’s coat hook to a lower position in his or her locker.
Putting in simple puzzles in the small motor area of the preschool.
Providing a place mat with an outline of a glass, plate, spoon and fork.
Keeping your desk against a wall so you can see all the children in the classroom.
Placing a picture of the toy wagon on the shelf where it is stored
Buying two more tricycles for the play yard, since the trikes are popular toys during outdoor play.

26. Direct Guidance
Offering a child a choice of a cracker or a piece of toast
Telling the child to go into the kitchen for snack.
Saying to a child, “You need to pick up that piece of paper you dropped.”
Telling Tommy, “You’ll loose your place in line if you keep pushing the other children.”
Suggesting to Wendy, that she put her arm around Kris, who is crying.
Telling a child that his drawing is great!
Reminding children to cover their mouths when they cough.

27. Can you think of a personal example of indirect guidance or direct guidance?