1. Birth of the American Republic

2. Britain Becomes a Global Power
Geographic location allowed England to control trade
Favorable business climate with fewer restrictions on trade
Britain won many European battles in 1700s
England and Wales united with Scotland to form the United Kingdom

3. Map of Europe and United Kingdom

4. World Map

5. George III Wanted to reassert royal power as king
Chose his own cabinet ministers and forced Parliament to follow his will
Asserted his brand of leadership

6. 13 Colonies 13 colonies part of British empire
Colonies were commercial centers for trade with other global areas
Britain tried to export more than it imported
Parliament passed laws to regulate colonial trade and manufacturing
Many British laws were unenforceable

7. Map of British Empire

8. “The Sun Never Set on the British Empire”
This phrase meant that the sun was always shining on the some part of the British empire around the world.

9. Original Thirteen Colonies

10. Colonial Discontent England fought French-Indian war
England felt colonists should pay for colonial defense
Parliament passed revenue laws (Stamp Act, Sugar Act) to raise money
Colonists balked because of “taxation without representation”

11. Colonial Response Boston Tea Party-protest tax on tea
Colonies supported each other as Parliament tried to retaliate
Boston Massacre – 5 protestors killed

12. American Revolution
War began when British soldiers exchanged gunfire with American minutemen at Lexington and Concord
Continental army led by George Washington
Declaration of Independence-written by Thomas Jefferson
People have right to overthrow a government that fails to protect the natural rights of citizens (life, liberty, and property-ideas of John Locke)
People have right to abolish unjust governments

13. End of War British had huge resources (soldiers, ships, and supplies)
Colonists knew the terrain better
France, enemy of Britain, offered military support

14. End of War (continued)
Washington held troops together during despite low supplies, lack of food, and ammunition
Continental Army with aid of France crushed the British at Yorktown, Virginia
Treaty of Paris ended the war and recognized the independence of the USA

15. New Government Articles of Confederation proved weak and ineffective
Revolutionary leaders (Washington, Madison, Franklin,etc.) met to plan a new government with an improved constitution
Framers of Constitution studied ideas of Enlightenment philosophers
New Constitution divided powers between federal and state governments = federal republic
Central feature of Separation of Powers is three branches of government – executive, legislative, and judicial (Montesquieu)

16. New Government
Bill of Rights included in Constitution = people have basic rights that the government must protect
Freedom of speech, religion, and the press
The philosophe’s Enlightenment ideas were finally put into practice
Constitution has been in place for more than 200 years and adopted by other democratic countries worldwide
American Revolution inspired French to revolt against their monarchy in 1789

17. Video – American Revolution
Click on the following link or copy into your Internet browser:
Scroll down the page until you arrive at the following video title. Please watch the video:
Tea, Taxes, and The American Revolution: Crash Course World History #28

18. Homework Answer the following questions on a sheet of paper.
Bring to class tomorrow to correct for points.

19. Powerpoint Questions
Who was the British monarch during the American Revolution?
Why did Britain rise to become a global power? (four points)
Why did the British parliament pass the Sugar and Stamp Acts?
What four words did the colonists shout in protest against the Stamp and Sugar Acts?

20. Powerpoint Questions
Which European country helped the colonists defeat Britain?
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
What is a federal republic?
What was the central feature of this federal republic?
What did the Bill of Rights recognize?
What is the relationship between the Bill of Rights and the Enlightenment?
Who did the American Revolution inspire to also revolt?

21. The End