1. Chemical Formulas, Chemical Reactions and Balancing Equations Freiman

2. Compounds - Ionic Contain CATIONS and ANIONS Naming: 1. Name cation 2. Name anion Ex) CaCl 2 = calcium chloride Ex2) Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 = aluminum sulfate Ex3) NiS = nickel(II) sulfide

3. Building Formulas: 1. Show both ions 2. Cross-multiply to even out the charges 3. Write chemical formula with subscripts Ex 1) sodium sulfide Na + S 2- x 2 x 1 Na 2 S Ex 2) calcium nitrate Ca 2+ NO 3 - Ca(NO 3 ) 2 **To finish, use SOLUBILITY CHART to determine solubility in water

4. Compounds - Molecular Contains only non-metals Naming 1. Name first element with prefix 2. Name second element with prefix and IDE ending Ex) N2H4 – dinitrogen tetrahydride **Prefixes: mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, deca

5. Chemical Reaction Types 5 common types of reactions Need to be able to predict products of these reactions and then BALANCE the equation 1. Single Replacement: Element “replaces” element of the same kind in new compound NaBr (aq) + Cl 2(g) NaCl (aq) + Br 2(g) 2NaBr (aq) + Cl 2(g) 2NaCl (aq) + Br 2(g)

6. 2. Double Replacement: Ions “switch partners” to make two new ionic compounds Ca(NO 3 ) 2(aq) + Na 2 SO 4(aq) NaNO3 (aq) + CaSO 4(s) Ca(NO 3 ) 2(aq) + Na 2 SO 4(aq) 2NaNO3 (aq) + CaSO 4(s)

7. 3. Formation: Most common ionic compound is produced from elements Fe (s) + S 8(s) FeS (s) 8Fe (s) + S 8(s) 8FeS (s)

8. 4. Decomposition: Compound breaks down into elements KI (s) K (s) + I 2(s) 2KI (s) 2K (s) + I 2(s)

9. 5. Combustion: Compound reacts with OXYGEN to produce common oxides C – CO 2 N – NO 2 S – SO 2 H – H 2 O Metals – ionic metal oxide CH4 (g) + O 2(g) CO 2(g) + H 2 O (g) CH4 (g) + 2O 2(g) CO 2(g) + 2H 2 O (g)

10. Practice Predict the products for the following reactions and then balance the equation