2. Metrics and Significant Figures Activity First we will examine the metric system then use significant figures to make measurements and do calculations

3. The Metric System Mass is measured in grams Length or distance is measured in meters Volume or capacity is measured in liters Time is measured in seconds Energy is measured in Joules Temperature is measured in Kelvin (not degrees) Quantity is measured in moles

4. The Liter (L) A liter is slightly smaller than a quart A liter is slightly smaller than a quart A gallon is roughly 4 times larger than a liter A gallon is roughly 4 times larger than a liter

5. The Meter (m) The meter is slightly longer than a yard The meter is slightly longer than a yard 1 inch = 2.54 cm (this is the only English to metric conversion you must know 1 inch = 2.54 cm (this is the only English to metric conversion you must know

6. Gram (g) A gram’s mass is approximately the mass of 2 paperclips. A gram’s mass is approximately the mass of 2 paperclips. Many medicines are massed by their active ingredients in grams or parts of a gram. Many medicines are massed by their active ingredients in grams or parts of a gram.

7. English to Metric Comparisons Which is larger? Which is larger? 1. Meter or yard 2. Mile or Kilometer 3. Gallon or liter 4. Pound or gram 5. Quart or liter 6. Centimeter or inch 7. Gram or ounce What is the abbreviation for each unit? 1. Meter = _____ 2. Gram = _____ 3. Liter = ______ 4. Second = ______ 5. Joule = _______ 6. Mole = _______

8. Metric Abbreviations The BASE units for the metric system are gram, liter, meter, second, Kelvin, Joule and mole. The BASE units for the metric system are gram, liter, meter, second, Kelvin, Joule and mole. There are larger and smaller portions of each of these There are larger and smaller portions of each of these Their abbreviations come in front of the unit’s abbreviation (ex. Centimeter = cm) Their abbreviations come in front of the unit’s abbreviation (ex. Centimeter = cm)

9. Larger and Smaller Prefixes Larger 1 billion = GIGA (G) 1 million = MEGA (M) 1,000 = kilo (k) 100 = hecto (h) 10 = deca (D, dk, or da) Smaller 1trillion = pico (p) 1 billion = nano (n) 1 million = micro (  ) 1,000 = milli (m) 100 = centi (c ) 10 = deci (d)

10. Match the abbreviation with the name 1. Cm = ________ 2. mg = ________ 3. ML = ________ 4. Gg = ________   s = ________ 6. km = _______ 7. mL = _______ 8. kJ = ________ 9. mm= _______ 10. Dg = _______ 1. Centimeter 2. Milligram 3. Megaliter 4. Gigagram 5. Microsecond 6. Kilometer 7. Milliliter 8. Kilojoule 9. Millimeter 10. decagram

11. Conversions KiloHectoDecaUNITDeciCentiMilli 1.0 100 3.09 2594 73.60 0.000765 0.763 730638 84300

12. Conversions GMkhDunitdcmnp 1.0 3.9 1x10- 9 7x 10 6 403 7.62 27 848 626

13. Significant Figures Read the correct number of significant figures

14. Measure the following using significant figures

15. Use Sig. Figs to find this measurement

16. Use the correct number of sig. figs in this measurement

17. What digit would be estimated in using this ruler? A.Ones B.Tenths C.Hundredths D.Thousandths E.Tens

18. What decimal place is estimated when using this ruler? A.OnesD. Thousandths B.TenthsE. Tens C.Hundredths

19. Measure the width of the rectangle using the correct number of sig figs. A.3. 75 cmD. 3.60 cm B.3.6 cmE. 4.25 cm C.2. 6 cm

20. Measure the length of the rectangle using the correct number of sig figs. A.12.55 cmC. 12.0 cmE. 13.50 cm B.12. 5 cmD. 13. 5 cm

21. How many sig figs should be in the correct measurement of the length of this rectangle? A.2 sig figsC. 4 sig figsE. 1 sig fig B.3 sig figsD. 5 sig figs

22. The width of this rectangle is 0.90 cm. How many significant figures are in this measurement? A.3 sig figsD. infinite sig figs B.2 sig figsE. none of the above C.1 sig fig

23. Multiplication and Division with Sig Figs The least number of sig figs in the input is equal to the number of sig figs in the answer (output). Remember all conversion factors and counted numbers have INFINITE sig figs! Example: 8.00 g x 4.0 cm 3 /g = ? 8.0 cm 3

24. Addition and Subtraction with Sig Figs The least number of decimal places in the input is the same number of decimal places in the output (answer). 12.573 m + 3847.9 m - 378 m = ? 3482.473 (unrounded) 3482 rounded to the correct number of decimal places

25. Calculations with Sig Figs 1.A rectangle has a width of 5.0 cm and a length of 8.40 cm. What is the area of this rectangle in cm 2 ? ___________ 2.A rectangular prism has the following measurements: length 8.54 cm, width 7.80cm, and height 10.00 cm. What is the volume in cm 3 ? ______________