1. Mexico Lesson 2: Creating a Mexican Culture

2. Essential Question: How would you compare and contrast Mexico’s major cultural groups?

3. Do Now In your notebook, define the following vocabulary words.  Civilization  Innovation  Missionary

4. civilization A culture that has a complex economic, governing, and social system. More advanced in technology

5. innovation New ways of doing things.

6. missionary Religious teachers that came to Mexico to teach the Roman Catholic religion.

7. Who were the early civilizations in Mexico? Turn to page 177. (Section on DVD) Read along with the narrator as he reads about the Olmec Civilization. Assignment: Create an outline of the Olmec Civilization

8. Mexican States

9. Who were the early civilizations in Mexico? A. Settlement 1. First settled along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico 2. 1200 B.C. lived along the coastal rivers in villages in small houses made of reeds and straw B. Farming Society 1. Fished in the rivers and farmed land 2. seasonal flooding watered crops and made the soil rich I. Olmec Civilization

10. C. Religion 1. based on the forces of nature that affected crops, artwork and carvings were used for religious purposes. 2. worshipped many different gods a. most important god, Jaguar, the rain god. 3. Villages became centers of religion and great temples were made of huge stones for worship. Check your work from yesterday.

11. D. Innovation 1. created a calendar 2. used a form of picture writing 3. carvings and artwork 4. religious centers 5. architecture 6. technology E.Spreading of Culture 1. interacted with others through trade 2. Maya and Aztec culture added to the Olmec innovations. 3. referred to mother civilization

12. Who were the early civilizations in Mexico? Video- The Maya and the Aztecs Read about the Maya on page 178. Create an outline of the most important information.

13. II. The Maya A. Settlement and Farming 1. farming culture in the rainforest of what are now Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, and southern Mexico 2. 500 BC started to clear the forest to farm more land and build cities. 3. Built more than 100 cities B. Tikal was the largest Mayan City 1. population 100, 000 people 2. located on the Yucatan Peninsula in what is now Guatemala 3. six large temples, shaped like a pyramid Jaguar carved on top.

14. C. Innovations 1. created a 365 day calendar 2. created a number system including zero 3. used picture writing D. History 1. lasted more than 600 years 2. by 900 AD some Mayan cities were left empty reclaimed by the surrounding rain forest 3. Mayan culture has contributed to the later civilization of Mexico

15. Video: The Maya and the Aztecs Read Page 179- The Aztecs Complete the Outline on the Aztecs in your Lesson Packet

16. III. The Aztecs A. Settlement 1. AD 1200 2. Settled in the Valley of Mexico 3. They built well organized cities with large buildings B. Tenochtitlan (Present day Mexico City) 1. Largest Aztec city 2. By 1400 AD the population was more than 300,000 3. Empire covered what is now central and southern Mexico C. Aztec Life 1. Empire included 5 million people 2. daily trips to the market to trade 3. Nahuatl language 4. foods- tortillas

17. Compare and Contrast Think- Why do we write compare and contrast essays.

18. Purpose for Writing The comparison or contrast should make a point or serve a purpose. Often such essays do one of the following: ƒ 1) Clarify something unknown or not well understood. ƒ 2) Lead to a fresh insight or new way of viewing something. ƒ 3) Bring one or both of the subjects into sharper focus. ƒ 4) Show that one subject is better than the other.

19. How were the Olmec, Maya, and Aztec Indians similar and different? We are going to do a compare and contrast of the Mayas and the Aztecs. In addition to the information in the handout, you may reference your completed outlines from your lesson packets. Read the information on handout Use the graphic organizer to organize the content of your essay.

20. Rubric..\..\..\Social Studies\Chapter 5 Mexico\compare and contrast rubric.doc..\..\..\Social Studies\Chapter 5 Mexico\compare and contrast rubric.doc

21. How do I write a compare and contrast? IntroductionSimilarities DifferencesConclusion

22. Introduction Grab the attention of your audience. Tell the audience who, or what you are going to compare. Explain the purpose (compare and contrast) of your writing.  Write a rough draft of your introduction on a piece of paper.  Share your introduction with a neighbor. Partners, give each other recommendations about your partner’s introduction.

23. Introduction In the following paragraphs, you are going to learn about the culture and history of the Maya and Aztecs civilizations in Mexico and South America. We will be discussing various similarities and differences about the two civilizations.

24. How do I write a compare and contrast? Using, your 4 square, write your rough draft.

25. Similarities There are many similarities between the Maya and the Aztecs. Both groups of people invented a calendar. They also both played a game similar to soccer. The Maya and the Aztecs made sacrifices to appease their Gods.

26. Differences There are many differences between the Maya and the Aztecs. For example, the Maya introduced a 365 day calendar unlike the Aztecs which created a 360 day calendar.

27. Good Words for Compare and Contrast To indicate more Information: Besides Moreover Furthermore In Fact Indeed Second…Third….etc To indicate an example: For example For instance In particular Particularly Specifically To demonstrate or illustrate To compare or In Comparison Likewise Similarly Contrast: Although Whereas However Yet In contrast Nevertheless On the other hand

28. Examples The Mayan and the Aztec both invented calendars, however the Mayan calendar had 365 days and the Aztec calendar was 360 days. Both civilizations were in Mexico although the Aztec civilization was located more in the central part of the country and the Mayans were on the Yucatan. In addition to farming they both relied on trading for goods at market.

29. Compare and Contrast Paper Paper must be at least 4  1)Introduction  2-3) Body (Similarities and Differences)  4) Conclusion

30. Conclusion Conclude your paper by wrapping up the purpose of your paper.

31. Summarization Activity Name the three early civilizations in Mexico and give at least two facts about each civilization.