1. - It has lasted for 4 billion years -
BIODIVERSITY
Biodiversity or biological diversity is usually defined as:
Variation of life forms (in time and space) in all main organized levels
Biodiversity is necessary for keeping life on Earth and it has important meaning for existence and prosperity of mankind!
- It has lasted for 4 billion years -

2. Distribution of biodiversity on Earth
ročně je nově objeveno ca druhů organismů (hlavně hmyzu)
low
high
The level of biodiversity in countries

3. Types of diversity
genetic
species
ecosystem
cultural

4. Genetic diversity
Genetic diversity – diversity of organisms within species
BIODIVERZITA
Genetic diversity influences:
Species diversity and ecosystem
diversity

5. Genetically modified organisms
genetically modified organisms (GMO), e.g. soya, corn, tomato, rice; Atlantic salmon
manipulation with genetic diversity – thanks to artificial selection the people have risen the diversity during last years

6. Species diversity Species richness
 considering biodiversity all forms of life are important, not only remarkable plant or animal species, but also less remarkable species of fungi, bacteria or algae which are usually not possible to see with naked eye

7. Ecosystems with the highest species diversity
Tropical rainforest (Puerto Rico)
Tropical rainforest
Coral reef

8. Ecosystem diversity
On the contrary to genetic or species diversity it also includes non-biotic parts (geological basis, climate)

9. Changes of biodiversity in time
The loss of biodiversity is extremely dangerous because it is irreversible → it represents grave global problem of mankind!

10. Main agents threatening Earth biodiversity
Exponentially growing human population and its consumption
Human activities
agriculture fishing industry urban development international trade
• the loss or degradation of biotopes
• environment pollution • changes in soil usage
• fragmentation of habitats
Introduction of invasive species
Excessive usage of natural resources
•the loss of biological diversity • extinction of species and populations • degradation of ecosystems • erosion of genetic diversity and evolutional potential
• the loss of ecosystem services

11. Cultural diversity
Relationships among people and to the nature around (ways of using accessible sources)
Knowledge and practices of original inhabitants have huge impact on knowing and keeping of biodiversity and sustainable development of human society
On the contrary, decrease of cultural diversity (especially because of local community disappearance) is connected with the loss of precious knowledge about local biodiversity