1. Warm Up Answer the following questions based on the Mass Society Timeline (p. 612-13): a. When did the Civil War begin in the United States? b. How many years passed between the invention of the telephone and the Kodak camera? c. Who invented the radio? d. In which year did World War I begin?

2. Essential Question ► Why did the industrial revolution lead to a new modern consciousness?

3. Romanticism

4. Romanticism ► Reaction against Enlightenment thinking ► Enlightenment stressed reason as the means of discovering truth

5. Romanticism ► Emphasized feelings, emotions, and imagination as sources of knowing

6. Literature ► Walter Scott ► Ivanhoe ► About knights in medieval England

7. Frankenstein ► Written by Mary Shelley

8. Edgar Allen Poe ► Horror short stories

9. Romantic Poetry ► Love of nature “One impulse from a vernal wood May teach you more of man, Of moral evil and of good, Than all the sages can.”

10. Romantic Literature ► Concerned that science and industrialization would cause a separation of people from their inner selves and from nature

11. Romantic Art ► Abandon classical use of reason; focus on an artist’s inner feelings

17. Romantic Music ► Ludwig von Beethoven “I must write, for what weighs on my heart, I must express.”

18. New Age in Science ► Accompanied the Industrial Revolution

19. Louis Pasteur ► Proposed the germ theory of disease ► Led to modern medicine

20. Dmitry Mendeleyev ► Classified all elements on the basis of their atomic weights

22. Michael Faraday ► Primitive generator that led to the use of electric current

23. Secularism ► Discoveries led to a growing faith in science ► For some, this led to a rejection of religion

24. Charles Darwin ► On the Origin of Species by Natural Means of Selection ► Organic evolution ► Natural selection

25. Marie Curie ► French scientist ► Discovered that an element called radium gave off energy or radiation

26. Albert Einstein ► 1905 – theory of relativity ► Space and time are not absolute, but relative to the observer ► Matter is another form of energy

27. Social Darwinism ► The “fit” or strong advance while the weak decline ► Also applied to nations

28. Growth of Anti-Semitism ► Hostility toward Jews in Europe ► Many were successful doctors, bankers, lawyers, and scientists

29. Growth of Anti-Semitism ► Persecution in eastern Europe ► Pogroms – organized massacres

30. Zionism ► Many moved to Palestine ► Jewish national movement to regain the homeland of ancient Israel

31. Modernism in Culture ► 1870-1914 ► Artists and writers rebelled against traditional styles

32. Impressionism ► Form of painting ► Rejected working in studios, went out into nature to paint

33. Claude Monet

36. Renoir

37. Renoir

38. Renoir

39. Vincent van Gogh

43. George Eastman ► Created the first Kodak camera in 1888

44. Picasso ► Created cubism – use geometric designs to recreate reality

45. Picasso

46. Picasso

47. Abstract Painting ► Began in 1910 with Wassily Kandinsky

48. Kandinsky

49. Kandinsky

50. Kandinsky

51. Architecture ► Emphasis on functionalism ► Buildings should fulfill the purpose for which they were built

52. Louis H. Sullivan

54. Frank Lloyd Wright