Download presentation
Published byBruce Shaw Modified over 9 years ago
1
Discovery of Cells Cells- smallest unit of matter that can carry on all the processes of life.
2
Discovery of Cells Leewenhoek was one of first inventors of microscope and therefore one of first to describe microscopic organisms and living cells.
3
Discovery of Cells Hooke named them cells & influenced others to explore their existence.
4
The Cell Theory: All living things are made of 1 or more cells
Cells are basic units of structure and function in an organism. Cells come from preexisting cells.
5
The Cell There are 2 types of cells: Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
6
Prokaryotic Cells No nuclear membrane
No membrane bound organelles (except ribosomes!) Found only in Kingdoms Eubacteria and Archaebacteria Extremely small
7
Eukaryotic Definite membrane bound nucleus
Contains membrane bound organelles Found in Kingdom Animal, Plant, Fungi, & Protista Slightly larger
8
Factors governing cell size
Functions of the cells; More activity, more organelles, larger cells Surface area: Volume Ratio (small animal, high metabolism)
9
Cell Organelles Nucleus- Control center of cell; surrounded by a double-layered membrane. (Nucleolus= Houses DNA)
10
Cell Organelles 2. Golgi Apparatus- Shipping Plant. Flat membranous sacs (like pancake stack). Function: synthesis, storing, shipping materials.
11
Cell Organelles 3. Lysosomes- Garbage disposal & collection. Sacs full of disgestive enzymes. Some store food.
12
Cell Organelles 4. Vacuoles- Also digestive sacs. Pump out excess material, digestion, store food. Mostly in plants & protists.
13
Cell Organelles 5. Mitochondria- Power plant. Location where energy is produced (cell respiration). Double membrane (outer-smooth; inner-folded called cristae). Has own DNA
14
Cell Organelles 6. Chloroplast- Site of photosynthesis. Double membrane (outer-smooth; inner-stacks of coins call thylakoid membrane). Special plastid only in plant cells. Sunlight + H20 + CO2 = Glucose + O2
15
Cell Organelles Cytoskeleton- Cell skeleton. Support & movement. Microtubules (hollow) & microfilaments (solid). Cilia & flagella are special microtubules on the outside of cells for movement.
16
Cell Organelles 8. Ribosome- Protein Synthesis. Works w/ RNA. Small round organelles in cytoplasm & on endoplasmic reticulum.
17
Cell Organelles Endoplasmic Reticulum- Highway of cell.
Rough ER- Has ribosomes. Protein synthesis and movement. Smooth ER- lipid production & movement
18
Cell Organelles 10. Cell Wall- Made of cellulose. Only in plant and bacteria cells. Provides stability and framework.
19
Cell Organelles 11. Cytoplasm- liquid part of cell
12. Cell Membrane- Boundary of the cell. Semipermeable.
20
Cell Organelles 13. Centrioles- special microtubules that assist in mitosis (cell reproduction). Centriole
Similar presentations
© 2024 SlidePlayer.com Inc.
All rights reserved.