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I. Evidence from Rocks Chapter 12.1 copy copy don’t copy
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A. Geology 1. Study of Earth’s formation + structure a. Evidence from rocks + fossils allows understanding of evolution of life on Earth
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B. Rock Cycle 1. Rock formation + recycling 2. Igneous sedimentary metamorphic igneous
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3. How sedimentary rocks form a. Bigger rocks break down into tiny rocks (sediment) because of weathering + erosion b. Tiny rocks move (water, wind, ice) + form horizontal layers c. Layers press together into sedimentary rock
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4. Law of Superposition a. Bottom layer of sedimentary rock is older layer than one on top of it because bottom layer formed first (Miss D’s Theory of Dirty Laundry – on Friday where can you find last Monday’s clothes? On the bottom of the pile.)
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b. Rock layers can bend or shift – changes order (what causes the movement?)
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c. Things like earthquakes or rivers can interrupt continuous layers
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C. Relative dating (relative means compared to) 1. Method of sequencing events in the order in which they happened by comparing them a. doesn’t tell exact age b. which happened first – Mickey Mouse or you? 2. Used for fossils
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Purpose: to determine the age of an object relative to something else Looking at the picture what was the order in which things happened?
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3. Cross-cutting (Intrusion) vein cutting through rock layers a. Younger than those layers
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4. Inclusion a. Anything trapped in rock when it forms b. Inclusion had to be there first, older Quartz with melt inclusions
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5. Index fossils a. Compare to rock containing fossils of known age Trilobites (marine organisms) went extinct 245 mya
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D. How fossils form 1. Organism dies, gets buried in sediment 2. Soft parts decay 3. Hard parts preserved in sedimentary rock http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es2901/es2901page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
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4. Paleontologist – studies fossils
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