1. Standard Grade Biology
The Alimentary Canal
Standard Grade Biology

2. Can you sort out the statements into True and False?
Carbohydrates, proteins and fats are all made up of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen.
Fats are made up of smaller units called amino acids
Starch is a large carbohydrate molecule
Proteins are made up of one or more glucose molecules
Starch molecules can be broken down by amylase.
Proteins are important for the growth and repair of cells

3. Can you name the 2 different ways we breakdown food in our bodies?
Mechanical Digestion
-teeth
Chemical Digestion
-enzymes
-bile
-stomach acid

4. 1. Parts of The Alimentary Canal
The alimentary canal (or gut) is the tube within the body through which food passes and is processed in various ways

5. mouth
salivary glands
oesophagus
liver
stomach
pancreas
large intestine
small intestine
anus

6. 2. Role of the Mouth Teeth assist the mechanical breakdown of food
Saliva is mixed with food during chewing
Saliva contains the enzyme amylase which starts the digestion of food
Salivary gland
Saliva contains mucus that keeps the mouth moist and lubricates food for easier swallowing
Salivary gland
Salivary gland

7. 3. Muscles of the Alimentary Canal
Food has to be kept moving along the alimentary canal whilst being mixed with various juices
These actions are brought about by muscles in the walls of the canal over which a person has little or no conscious control

8. 3. Peristalsis
The squeezing action of muscles that is used to move food along the alimentary canal

9. Digestive Enzymes What do the following enzymes breakdown?
What do they break the large moleculs down into?
Amlyases
Lipases
Proteases

10. Digestion
‘the breakdown of large insoluble molecules into soluble molecules’

11. Digestion and Digestive Juices
Saliva
GASTRIC JUICE
Bile
PANCREATIC JUICE
INTESTINAL JUICE

12. Sites of production of main digestive juices
Site of digestive juice production
Main digestive juice produced
Mouth
Saliva
Stomach
Gastric juice
Liver
Bile (breaks down big fat droplets into little fat droplets
Pancreas
Pancreatic juice
Small Intestine
Intestinal juice

13. Digestion and Digestive Juices
SALIVA
Salivary amylase
GASTRIC JUICE
Hydrochloric acid
Pepsin (protease)
Bile
PANCREATIC JUICE
Pancreatic lipase
INTESTINAL JUICE

14. In the Mouth… Starch maltose
Broken down into glucose later by other amylases
Salivary amylase

15. In the stomach Protein peptides
Broken down into amino acids later by other proteases
pepsin

16. In the pancreas….
Fats fatty acids and glycerol
Pancreatic lipase

17. After all the digestive enzymes have done their work…
Glucose
Amino acids
Fatty acids
Glycerol

18. Finish the sentence…. Something new I learnt today was…..
Something I found difficult to understand was…
The thing I need to revise from today’s lesson is…

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