1. ▀ Columbia River Overview ▀ Superfund Process ▀ Conceptual Site Models ▀ Data Gap Analysis

2. Woodard & Curran Used a Phased Approach Focusing on Analytes and Areas Phase 1 - Define study area Phase 2 - Compile existing data Phase 3 - Review existing reports ▀ Including relevant risk assessments Phase 4 - Screen specific analytes against criteria Phase 5 – Evaluate existing data by area Phase 6 - Identify potential data gaps

3. Columbia River Sampling Points Focus study area - Priest Rapids to McNary Dam

4. 1964 and 1976 Core Sampling is Instrumental in Understanding Radionuclide Deposition ▀ Nelson/Robertson completed core samples in sediment at downstream dams ▀ Estimated depositional rate shows conflicting timing; not significant to sediment profile ▀ Robertson completed a total inventory of radionuclide in sediment behind McNary Dam

5. Estimated Inventories of Radionuclides Behind McNary Dam as Sampled in 1976 Robertson, 1977 Data Value in Curies

6. Percentage Radionuclides Remaining in 2007 after Half-life Decay

7. Cesium-137 Concentrations at Depth Intervals Behind Columbia River Dams Columbia River Component Data Evaluation Summary Report – July 2006

8. Cesium-137 Concentrations Behind Columbia River Dams with Depth Columbia River Component Data Evaluation Summary Report – July 2006

9. Plutonium-239/240 Relative Concentrations Behind Columbia River Dams With Depth Columbia River Component Data Evaluation Summary Report – July 2006

10. Cobalt-60 and Cesium-137 Measurements Behind McNary Dam From 1942 to Present Columbia River Component Data Evaluation Summary Report – July 2006

11. Cobalt-60 Relative Concentrations Behind Columbia River Dams with Depth Columbia River Component Data Evaluation Summary Report – July 2006

12. Support for Priest Rapids Dam to McNary Dam Study Area ▀ Dam Construction vs. Inventory Radionuclide Production ▀ Numerous studies demonstrate highest Hanford related inventory present behind McNary Dam: ▀ Nelson 1964 – “…measurements… made indicate that extensive ‘permanent’ sedimentation occurs only in the reservoir of the McNary Dam and in the estuary.” ▀ Robertson 1977 – “…the total inventory of radionuclides in the sediments behind McNary Dam, which has been shown during this and earlier studies to be the major reservoir of residual Hanford origin radionuclides in the Columbia River system.” ▀ WDH 1994 – “In all cases the highest concentrations were found in McNary sediments.” ▀ Cooperative Environmental Monitoring Project 2005 – “The concentrations of most radionuclides in the lower Columbia River sediments were similar to background values measured upstream of the Hanford site.”

13. Hanford Reach Cross-Section Study Area Definition Columbia River WestEast CRC Study Area Hanford Site 100/300 Study Area and Inter-Area Green line

14. Hanford Reach Islands ▀ Data Gap focus area includes the islands along the Hanford Reach. Data gaps have been separately addressed for each island based on the following criteria: ▀ Is there a source directly up stream? ▀ Has Island been characterized in previous studies? ▀ Are there potential exposure routes?

15. 1. Identify human health and ecological screening criteria for surface water and sediments. Criteria for Identifying Data Gaps Columbia River Corridor 2. Compile comprehensive database and review existing documentation for CRC. 3. Compare existing data by media and criteria. Do results exceed criteria? 4. Are detections above PQLs? 10. Develop DQO document to adequately evaluate the nature and distribution of COPCs. 9. Is there sufficient data to meet project objectives? 5. Is analyte known site contaminant (e.g., COPC)? 6. Do results exceed upstream or background concentrations? 7. Is source and/or migration of contaminant covered under other Operable Unit? 8. Has media and or analyte been adequately addressed in previous study (e.g., previous risk assessment concluded no unacceptable risk)? No Additional Data Needed Step 1 Step 3 Step 4 Step 6 Step 5 Step 7 Step 8 Step 10 Step 9 Step 2 Acquire Data NO YES NO YES NO YES NO

16. Step 1a – Identify Risk Screening Criteria ▀ Existing data was compared against applicable risk criteria by media: ▀ 100/300 Area Risk Assessment ▀ USEPA Region 6 ▀ WDOE CLARC ▀ MCLs ▀ NRWQC Note: Region 10 recommends use of Region 6 screening criteria No Additional Data Needed Step 1 Step 3 Step 4 Step 6 Step 5 Step 7 Step 8 Step 10 Step 9 Step 2 Acquire Data NO YES NO YES NO YES NO

17. Step 1a – Human Health Screening Criteria by Media Sediment Surface Water Region 6 RBCsRegion 6 EPA SSLsMCLs WDOE CLARCs DOENRWQC DOE 100/300 Area RA

18. Step 1b - Identify Ecological Screening Criteria ▀ Existing data is compared against applicable ecological criteria by media: ▀ 100/300 Area Risk Assessment ▀ EPA SSLs ▀ WDOE CLARCS

19. Step 1b - Identify Ecological Screening Criteria by Media Sediment Surface Water Soil ODEQDOE (Oak Ridge)WDOE USEPA DOE (Oak Ridge) ANL CH2M Hill LANL ANL OMOE (Canada) LANL 100/300 Area RA

20. Step 2 - Compile existing data ▀ Combined three extensive databases ▀ WCH CRC data base ▀ GiSdt Data 100/300 Area RCBRA Data Management web-based ▀ USACE data ▀ Totals ▀ Surface water ▀ 5,832 sample locations ▀ 54,286 analytical results ▀ Sediment ▀ 2,710 sample locations ▀ 40,993 analytical results No Additional Data Needed Step 1 Step 3 Step 4 Step 6 Step 5 Step 7 Step 8 Step 10 Step 9 Step 2 Acquire Data NO YES NO YES NO YES NO

21. Existing Biota Data ▀ Several biota sampling events have been completed within the Study Area. These data have been reviewed as part of this data gaps analysis. ▀ Additional biota sampling will be considered during the DQO process and during the ‘problem formulation phase’ of the Ecological Risk Assessment.

22. Step 3 – Data Assessment ▀ Existing data is compared to Human Health and Ecological Screening Criteria: ▀ Do analytes exceed applicable HH or Eco criteria? ▀ Yes = retain for further evaluation ▀ No = not a data gap No Additional Data Needed Step 1 Step 3 Step 4 Step 6 Step 5 Step 7 Step 8 Step 10 Step 9 Step 2 Acquire Data NO YES NO YES NO YES NO

23. Step 4 – Review Data for QA/QC ▀ Results are compared to laboratory QA/QC ▀ Are detections above PQLs and exceed applicable HH or Eco criteria? ▀ Yes = retain for further evaluation ▀ No = retain for further evaluation ▀ Was analyte reported in laboratory blank? ▀ Yes = possible laboratory contaminant ▀ No = retain for further evaluation No Additional Data Needed Step 1 Step 3 Step 4 Step 6 Step 5 Step 7 Step 8 Step 10 Step 9 Step 2 Acquire Data NO YES NO YES NO YES NO

24. Step 5 –Site Related Contaminant ▀ Based on previous sampling results or operational history, is analyte known to be site-related? ▀ Yes = COPC and retain for further evaluation ▀ No = not a data gap ▀ If frequency of detection is less than 5% excluded compound; not a data gap (EPA RAGs, 1989) No Additional Data Needed Step 1 Step 3 Step 4 Step 6 Step 5 Step 7 Step 8 Step 10 Step 9 Step 2 Acquire Data NO YES NO YES NO YES NO

25. Step 6 – Background Results ▀ When sample results are compared to background or upstream results, do results exceed average background conditions? ▀ Yes = COPC and retain for further evaluation ▀ No = not a data gap No Additional Data Needed Step 1 Step 3 Step 4 Step 6 Step 5 Step 7 Step 8 Step 10 Step 9 Step 2 Acquire Data NO YES NO YES NO YES NO

26. Step 7 – Covered Under Other Study Areas and Other Assessments ▀ Is source and/or migration of contaminant covered under study area and other assessments? ▀ Yes = not data gap ▀ No = COPC and retain for further evaluation No Additional Data Needed Step 1 Step 3 Step 4 Step 6 Step 5 Step 7 Step 8 Step 10 Step 9 Step 2 Acquire Data NO YES NO YES NO YES NO

27. Step 8 – Already Addressed  Has media and or analyte been adequately addressed in previous study? ▀ Yes = not data gap ▀ No = COPC and retain for further evaluation No Additional Data Needed Step 1 Step 3 Step 4 Step 6 Step 5 Step 7 Step 8 Step 10 Step 9 Step 2 Acquire Data NO YES NO YES NO YES NO

28. Step 9 – Identified as Data Gap  Is there sufficient data to meet project objectives? ▀ Yes = not data gap ▀ No = continue to DQO process No Additional Data Needed Step 1 Step 3 Step 4 Step 6 Step 5 Step 7 Step 8 Step 10 Step 9 Step 2 Acquire Data NO YES NO YES NO YES NO

29. Step 9 – Identified as Data Gap Data gaps fall within two categories: 1. Areas or analytes that have not been previously studied. Example: areas along the east side of the river. 2. Areas that need additional data to meet DQOs development

30. Step 10 – Develop DQOs ▀ Identified data gaps will need to be addressed. ▀ To ensure data collected meets the needs of its intended end use, a data quality objective analysis will be completed for all identified data gaps. No Additional Data Needed Step 1 Step 3 Step 4 Step 6 Step 5 Step 7 Step 8 Step 10 Step 9 Step 2 Acquire Data NO YES NO YES NO YES NO

31. Data Assessment Results – Sediments - Inorganics Human Health Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Boron Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Fluoride Hexavalent-Chromium Iron Lead Manganese Mercury Molybdenum Nickel Nitrogen in Nitrate Nitrogen in Nitrite Selenium Silver Strontium (elemental) Thallium Uranium Vanadium Zinc List of COPCs Ecological Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Copper Hexavalent-Chromium Iron Manganese Lead Lithium Mercury Molybdenum Nickel Selenium Silver Thallium Zinc

32. Elements That Exceed Screening Criteria Ecological Aluminum Antimony Barium Cadmium Manganese Nickel Silver Zinc Data Assessment Results – Sediments - Inorganics Human Health Antimony Arsenic Chromium Iron Manganese Vanadium

33. Elements That Exceed Screening Criteria and Background Data Assessment Results – Sediments - Inorganics Ecological Antimony Barium Cadmium Manganese Nickel Zinc Human Health Arsenic Chromium Manganese

34. Potential Inorganic Sources - Sediments InorganicsSource SiteNaturalFalloutIrrigationUpstream Arsenic X XXX Barium X X X Cadmium X X Chromium X X Manganese X X Nickel XX Zinc X XX

35. CSM Inorganic Sources - Sediments Site-Related Arsenic Barium Chromium Manganese Upstream and Natural Irrigation Arsenic Barium Zinc Arsenic Cadmium Manganese Nickel Zinc

36. Data Assessment Results – Sediments - Organics List of COPCs Acenaphthene Acenaphthylene Acetone Aldrin Anthracene Aroclor 1242 Aroclor 1248 Aroclor 1254 Aroclor 1260 Aroclor 1262 Benzene Benzo(a)anthracene Benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(b)fluoranthene Benzo(ghi)perylene Benzo(k)fluoranthene Alpha-BHC beta-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane Delta-BHC Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 1-Butanol 2-Butanone 2-Butoxyethanol Butylbenzylphthalate 2-secButyl-4,6-dinitrophenol(DNBP) Carbazole Carbon disulfide Carbon tetrachloride Cyanide Human HealthEcological Acenaphthene Acenaphthylene Anthracene Benzo(a)anthracene Benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(b)fluoranthene Benzo(ghi)perylene Benzo(k)fluoranthene Chrysene Fluoranthene Fluorene Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene Naphthalene Phenanthrene Aroclor-1248 Aroclor-1254 Aroclor-1260 Aldrin Alpha-BHC alpha-Chlordane beta-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane Delta-BHC Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane Dieldrin

37. Chlordane Chloroform Chrysene Dalapon Dicamba Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 4-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)butanoic acid Dibenz[a,h]anthracene Dibenzofuran Di-n-butylphthalate 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 1,2-Dichloroethane cis -1,2-Dichloroethene Dichloroprop Dieldrin Diethyl ether Diethylphthalate Di-n-octylphthalate Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Endosulfan sulfate Endrin Endrin aldehyde Endrin ketone Ethylene glycol Fluoranthene Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Endosulfan sulfate Endrin aldehyde Endrin ketone gamma-Chlordane Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Methoxychlor 2-Methylnaphthalene Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Carbazole Dibenzofuran Diethylphthalate Di-n-butylphthalate Phenol Pentachlorophenol Fluoride Nitrogen in Nitrate Nitrogen in Nitrite List of COPCs (continued) Human HealthEcological Fluorene Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene Isophorone Methoxychlor Methyl isobutyl ketone Methylenechloride 2-Methylnaphthalene 3+4 Methylphenol (cresol, m+p) Naphthalene Pentachlorophenol Phenanthrene Phenol Picloram Pyrene 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane Tetrachloroethene Toluene Trichloroethene Trichloromonofluoromethane 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2-(2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy)propionic acid

38. Benzo(a)pyrene* Benzo(a)anthracene* Benzo(b)fluoranthene* Benzo(k)fluoranthene* Dibenz(a,h)anthracene* Cyanide* Compounds That Exceed Screening Criteria * detected at less than 5% and are not from on-site sources, therefore eliminated as data gaps. Human HealthEcological Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Data Assessment Results – Sediments - Organics

39. ▀ No Data Gaps ▀ PCB Discussion Data Assessment Results – Sediments - Organics Compounds That Exceed Screening Criteria and Background

40. PCB Discussion ▀ PCB results are all non-detect in sediment and surface water ▀ PCBs detection level is higher than screening level ▀ PCBs were used in localized areas at Hanford Reservation ▀ PCB issue will be addressed in the 100/300 Area risk assessment ▀ PCBs have been detected in fish in the Columbia River ▀ PCB congener data may be a data gap – will be discussed during DQO process

41. Americium-241 Carbon-14 Cesium-137 Cobalt – 60 Europium-152 Europium-154 Europium-155 Nickel-63 Plutonium 238 Plutonium-239/240 Plutonium-241 Potassium-40 Radium-226 Radium-228 Strontium-90 Tritium Thorium-228 Thorium-232 Uranium-233/234 Uranium-234 Uranium-235 Uranium-238 Data Assessment Results – Sediments - Radionuclide List of COPCs Human HealthEcological Americium-241 Carbon-14 Cesium-137 Cesium-134 Cobalt – 60 Europium-152 Europium-154 Europium-155 Nickel-63 Plutonium 238 Plutonium-239/240 Plutonium-241 Potassium-40 Radium-226 Radium-228 Strontium-90 Tritium Thorium-228 Thorium-232 Uranium-233/234 Uranium-235 Uranium-238

42. Cesium-137 Cobalt-60 Europium-152 Strontium-90 Thorium-232 Uranium-234 Uranium-238 Data Assessment Results – Sediments - Radionuclide Compounds That Exceed Screening Criteria Human HealthEcological Europium-152* * maximum concentrations reported above Ice Harbor Dam

43. Cobalt-60 Europium-152 Thorium-232 Uranium-234 Uranium-238 No data gaps Human Health: Ecological: Data Assessment Results – Sediments - Radionuclide Compounds That Exceed Screening Criteria and Background

44. Potential Radionuclide Sources - Sediments RadionuclidesSource SiteNaturalFalloutIrrigationUpstream Cobalt-60 X Europium-152 XXX Thorium - 232 X Uranium-234 XX Uranium-238 XX

45. CSM Radionuclide Sources - Sediments Site-Related CO-60 EU-152 Thorium-232 U-234 U-238 Upstream and Natural Europium-152 U-234 U-238 Atmospheric Fallout Europium-152

46. Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Boron Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Hexavalent-Chromium Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Molybdenum Nickel Selenium Silver Strontium Thallium Tin Titanium Vanadium Zinc Data Assessment Results – Surface Water- Inorganics Human Health Ecological List of COPCs Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Cyanide Iron Hexavalent-Chromium Lead Manganese Mercury Nickel Selenium Silver Thallium Tin Uranium Vanadium Zinc

47. Antimony Arsenic Beryllium Copper Lead Thallium Aluminum Antimony Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Copper Cyanide Iron Lead Manganese Mercury Selenium Silver Uranium Vanadium Zinc Data Assessment Results – Surface Water- Inorganics Compounds That Exceed Screening Criteria Human Health Ecological

48. Antimony Arsenic Data Assessment Results – Surface Water- Inorganics Elements That Exceed Screening Criteria and Background Human Health Ecological Aluminum Barium Cadmium Chromium Copper Lead Manganese Zinc

49. Potential Inorganic Sources – Surface Water InorganicsSource SiteNaturalFalloutIrrigationUpstream Aluminum xx Antimony x Arsenic x xxx Barium x xx Cadmium xx Chromium x x Copper x Lead x Manganese x x Zinc xx

50. Acenaphthene Acenaphthylene Anthracene Benzo(a)anthracene Benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(b)fluoranthene Benzo(ghi)perylene Benzo(k)fluoranthene Chrysene Fluoranthene FluoreneIndeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene Naphthalene Phenanthrene Aroclor-1248 Aroclor-1254 Aroclor-1260 Aldrin Alpha-BHC alpha-Chlordane Data Assessment Results – Surface Water - Organics List of COPCs Human Health Ecological: Acenaphthene Acenaphthylene Anthracene Benzo(a)anthracene Benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(b)fluoranthene Benzo(ghi)perylene Benzo(k)fluoranthene Chrysene Cyanide Fluoranthene FluoreneIndeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene Naphthalene Phenanthrene Aroclor-1248 Aroclor-1254 Aroclor-1260 Aldrin Alpha-BHC alpha-Chlordane

51. beta-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane Delta-BHC Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Endosulfan sulfate Endrin aldehyde Endrin ketone gamma-Chlordane Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Methoxychlor 2-Methylnaphthalene Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Carbazole Dibenzofuran Diethylphthalate Di-n-butylphthalate Phenol Pentachlorophenol Fluoride Nitrogen in Nitrate Nitrogen in Nitrite List of COPCs (continued) Human Health Ecological beta-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane Delta-BHC Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Endosulfan sulfate Endrin aldehyde Endrin ketone gamma-Chlordane Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Methoxychlor 2-Methylnaphthalene Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Carbazole Dibenzofuran Diethylphthalate Di-n-butylphthalate Phenol Pentachlorophenol Fluoride Nitrogen in Nitrate Nitrogen in Nitrite

52. CSM Inorganic Sources – Surface Water Site-Related Arsenic Barium Chromium Manganese Upstream and Natural Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Cadmium Lead Manganese Zinc Irrigation Aluminum Arsenic Barium Cadmium Zinc

53. Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene Dieldrin 1,1,2- trichloroethane 1,2-dichloroethane Chloroform Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate Data Assessment Results – Surface Water - Organics Human HealthEcological Compounds That Exceed Screening Criteria Cyanide Methoxychlor TPH

54. 1,1,2- trichloroethane 1,2-dichloroethane Chloroform Data Assessment Results – Surface Water - Organics Compounds That Exceed Screening Criteria and Background Human HealthEcological No Data Gaps

55. Potential Organic Sources – Surface Water OrganicsSource SiteNaturalFalloutIrrigationUpstream 1,1,2-trichloroethane X 1,2-dichloroethane X Chloroform X

56. CSM Organic Sources – Surface Water Site-Related (300 Area Only) 1,1,2 – TCA 1,2 – DCA Chloroform

57. Americium-241 Cesium-137 Europium-154 Strontium-90 Thorium-232 Tritium Uranium-234 Uranium-235 Uranium-238 Data Assessment Results – Surface Water - Radionuclide List of COPCs Human HealthEcological Cesium-134 Cesium-137 Plutonium-239/240 Potassium-40 Radium-226 Radium-228 Strontium-90 Thorium-228 Thorium-232 Uranium-233/234 Uranium-235 Uranium-238

58. Americium-241 Cesium-137 Europium-154 Strontium-90 Thorium-232 Tritium Uranium-234 Uranium -238 Data Assessment Results – Surface Water - Radionuclide Elements That Exceed Screening Criteria Human HealthEcological: Cesium-134 Radium-226 Radium-228 Uranium-238

59. Strontium-90 Tritium Uranium-234 Uranium-238 Data Assessment Results – Surface Water - Radionuclide Elements That Exceed Screening Criteria and Background Human Health:Ecological: None

60. Potential Radionuclide Sources – Surface Water RadionuclidesSource SiteNaturalFalloutIrrigationUpstream Strontium-90 XX Tritium XXX Uranium-234 XX Uranium-238 XX

61. CSM Radionuclide Sources – Surface Water Naturally Occurring Tritium U-234 U-238 Site-Related Strontium-90 Tritium U-234 U-238 Atmospheric Fallout SR-90 Tritium

62. Sediment Data Gap Summary -Inorganics MetalHuman HealthEcological Antimony X Arsenic X Barium X Chromium X Cadmium X Manganese XX Nickel X Zinc X

63. See Map Package #1 Sediment Data Gap Summary -Inorganics

64. InorganicsHuman HealthEcological Aluminum X Antimony X Arsenic X Barium X Cadmium X Chromium X Copper X Manganese X Lead X Zinc X Surface Water Data Gap Summary -Inorganics

65. See Map Package #2

66. CompoundHuman HealthEcological None Sediment Data Gap Summary -Organics

67. CompoundHuman HealthEcological 1,1,2-trichloroethane X None 1,2-dichloroethane X None Chloroform X None Surface Water Data Gap Summary -Organics

68. See Map Package #3

69. ElementHuman HealthEcological Cobalt-60 X Thorium-232 X Uranium-234 X Uranium-238 Europium-152 XXXX Sediment Data Gap Summary -Radionuclide

70. See Map Package #4

71. ElementHuman HealthEcological Strontium-90 X Tritium X Uranium-234 Uranium-238 XXXX Surface Water Data Gap Summary -Radionuclide

72. See Map Package #5

73. Potential Data Gaps to Discuss During DQO Process ▀ Sediment and Surface Water sampling on the east side of river. ▀ Sediment sampling at previously uncharacterized islands ▀ PCB congener sampling (pending outcome of 100/300 risk assessment)

74.  Next Steps / Path Forward  Closing Statements / Feedback