1. Overview & Update HIMSS Webinar – 3 August
Todd Cooper, Breakthrough Solutions Foundry
Ken Fuchs, Mindray North America
Steve Merritt, Baystate Health
John Rhoads, Philips Healthcare
Patient Care Devices
Overview & Update HIMSS Webinar – 3 August 1

2. IHE Patient Care Devices - Overview and Update
Devices and Interoperability
Medical Devices - Not a Simple Problem!!
IHE PCD – Overview
IHE PCD – Profiles
IHE PCD – Testing and Demonstrations
Getting to Yes!!
Questions & Answers 2

3. 2009 – Obama vows to continue the HIT Plan begun by President Bush
President Barack Obama announces an audacious plan: Computerize all health records within five years.
- January 12, 2009
February 17, 2009 – the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act (ARRA) is signed into law
HITECH Act component of ARRA provides a $19 billion program to stimulate the adoption and use of HIT, with a focus on meaningful use of certified EHR-S

4. What about Device Connectivity? Download HITSP/TN905 @ www.HITSP.org

5. HITSP/TN905 Roadmap

6. Medical Device HIT: No longer a “nice to have”
The Dream!
Heterogeneity
Multiple manufacturers + multiple device & application modalities coexisting & interoperating over a shared infrastructure
Enables…
“Best of Breed”
Selection
Ability to base product acquisition on most appropriate technology without requiring HIT re-engineering.
Semantic
Comparability
Harmonized semantics (terminology & models) enable next generation applications, incl. real-time CDSS.
Comprehensive,
Real-time Availability
Timely health care decisions based on richer, more complete information.
Medical Device HIT: No longer a “nice to have” 6

7. The Benefits! Integration – Provider value propositions…
Integrity of data – automatic population of all information systems – reducing medical errors
Automated systems saves time for clinicians
Improved agility of enterprises to meet varied patient loads
Improved life-cycle cost of ownership
Automated clinical data capture for EHR
Access to patient data across devices and systems so custom communication interfaces can be eliminated.
Allows for best of breed selection 7

8. IHE Patient Care Devices - Overview and Update
Devices and Interoperability
Medical Devices - Not a Simple Problem!!
IHE PCD – Overview
IHE PCD – Profiles
IHE PCD – Testing and Demonstrations
Getting to Yes!!
Questions & Answers 8

9. Multiple Care Contexts
(Jan Wittenber, Philips Medical, HITSP/TN905) 9

10. Device Integration for Multiple Applications
(Jan Wittenber, Philips Medical, HITSP/TN905) 10

11. Medication Administration
It’s not just interfacing the infusion pumps!
Many clinical systems must be integrated – from many vendors – using many technologies!
(Erin Sparnon, ECRI Institute, IHE-PCD Infusion Pump Summit, , wiki.ihe.net) 11

12. Example: CDSS & Multi Data Sources
(John Zaleski, Nuvon, HITSP/TN905) 12

13. IHE Patient Care Devices - Overview and Update
Devices and Interoperability
Medical Devices - Not a Simple Problem!!
IHE PCD – Overview
IHE PCD – Profiles
IHE PCD – Testing and Demonstrations
Getting to Yes!!
Questions & Answers 13

14. IHE Patient Care Devices
IHE-PCD Charter
The Patient Care Device Domain is concerned with use cases in which at least one actor is a patient- centric point-of-care medical device. The PCD coordinates with other IHE clinical specialty based domains such as medical imaging and lab to ensure consistency of medical device integration solutions across all IHE technical frameworks.
NOTE: Formed in 2005 & sponsored by HIMSS & ACCE 14

15. IHE PCD Overview Information Consumers: (HIS, PhIS, eMAR, EMR)
ADT, Orders
Physiological and Operational Data (PCD)
Technical Framework
Physiological and Operational Data (PCD)
Physiological and Operational Data (PCD)
Server/Gateway
ADT, Orders
ADT, Orders
Information Reporters: Medical Devices with Server/Gateway
Information Reporters: Standalone Medical Devices 15

16. PCD Domain Overview PCD Profile Primary Objectives:
Heterogeneity – … coexistence in a multi-vendor & multi-modality world, leveraging shared infrastructure
Semantic Interoperability – … from the sensor to the EHR
Real-time Availability – … facilitating more timely clinical decisions
Ultimately providing improved – … safety, quality of care & workflow efficiency 16

17. Profiles Simplify Development
All implementation
detail! 17

18. IHE PCD Profiles Current Profiles: Work in Process:
Enterprise sharing of Patient Care Data (DEC)
Subscribe to Patient Data (SPD)
Rosetta Stone Terminology Project (RTM)
PCD Alarm Communication Management (ACM)
Point-of-care Infusion Verification (PIV)
Work in Process:
Device Point-of-care Integration (DPI)
Waveform Communication Management (WCM)
Event Communication (EVT)
Medical Equipment Management (MEM)
Patient – Device Association (PDA)
Initial device classes…
vital signs / physiological monitors, infusion pumps and ventilators 18

19. IHE PCD – Profile Overview
Physiologic Monitoring System
CPOE/ Pharmacy System
Clinical Decision Support System
Ventilation/ Anesthesia System
ACM, DEC, WCM
ACM, DEC, WCM
ACM, DEC, WCM
Barcode Medication Administration System
EMR/EHR
Infusion Pump
PIV
ACM, DEC
IDCO
Implantable Device
CIS
DEC
ACM, MEM
ACM, DEC, WCM
Equipment Management
System
Home Based
System
Other Devices
ACM: Alarm Communication Management
DEC: Device Enterprise Communication
IDCO: Implantable Device – Cardiac – Observation
MEM: Medical Equipment Management
PIV: Point-of-Care Infusion Verification
WCM: Waveform Communication Management
Current PCD
Future PCD
Future Non- PCD 19

20. IHE Patient Care Devices
2009 White Paper Proposals
Device Point-of-care Integration (DPI)
Medical Equipment Management (MEM) – Complete!
Medical Device Semantic Architecture
Regulatory Considerations in Deploying Systems Incorporating IHE PCD Profiles
IHE PCD Users Handbook
What is & is not specified in PCD Profiles
How to assess PCD profile support
System verification & validation testing considerations 20

21. IHE Patient Care Devices - Overview and Update
Devices and Interoperability
Medical Devices - Not a Simple Problem!!
IHE PCD – Overview
IHE PCD – Profiles
IHE PCD – Testing and Demonstrations
Getting to Yes!!
Questions & Answers 21

22. PCD Published Profiles Device to Enterprise Communication
DEC Profile
Device to Enterprise Communication
Trial Implementation 22

23. DEC Profiles
PCD DEC profile supports the communication of patient clinical data from devices.
This data can include:
Vital Signs (profile available)
Alarm information (2008/2009 profile)
Waveform information (emerging profile)
Device configuration information (MEM)
Etc.

24. Device to Enterprise Comm. (DEC)
The Device to Enterprise Communication (DEC) profile allows a consuming device to receive patient clinical information including vitals, settings, demographics and location from a reporting device.

25. PCD-01 Message Example
MSH|^~\&|INFO_SRC_PHILIPS^ACDE ABCD^EUI-64|||| ||ORU^R01^ORU_R01|PMS |
P|2.5|||NE|AL||8859/1
PID|||AB60001^^^Philips Medical^PI||Brooks^Albert^^^^^L|| |M
PV1||I|UNIT_1^^Bed1
OBR|1|PMS ^INFO_SRC_PHILIPS^ACDE ABCD^EUI-64| PMS ^INFO_SRC_PHILIPS^ACDE ABCD^EUI-64| ^MDC_DEV_METER_PHYSIO_MULTI_PARAM_MDS^MDC|||
OBX|1|ST|184326^MDC_ECG_STAT_ECT^MDC| |""||||||F
OBX|2|ST|184327^MDC_ECG_STAT_RHY^MDC| |Sinus Rhythm||||||F
OBX|3|NM|150456^MDC_PULS_OXIM_SAT_O2^MDC| |99|262688^MDC_DIM_PERCENT^MDC|||||F
OBX|4|NM|147842^MDC_ECG_HEART_RATE^MDC| |81|264864^MDC_DIM_BEAT_PER_MIN^MDC|||||F
OBX|5|NM|150037^MDC_PRESS_BLD_ART_ABP_SYS^MDC| |126|266016^MDC_DIM_MMHG^MDC|||||F
OBX|6|NM|150038^MDC_PRESS_BLD_ART_ABP_DIA^MDC| |76|266016^MDC_DIM_MMHG^MDC|||||F
OBX|7|NM|150039^MDC_PRESS_BLD_ART_ABP_MEAN^MDC| |92|266016^MDC_DIM_MMHG^MDC|||||F
OBX|8|NM|148065^MDC_ECG_V_P_C_CNT^MDC| |0|264864^MDC_DIM_BEAT_PER_MIN^MDC|||||F
OBX|9|NM|150045^MDC_PRESS_BLD_ART_PULM_SYS^MDC| |26|266016^MDC_DIM_MMHG^MDC|||||F
OBX|10|NM|150046^MDC_PRESS_BLD_ART_PULM_DIA^MDC| |9|266016^MDC_DIM_MMHG^MDC|||||F
OBX|11|NM|150047^MDC_PRESS_BLD_ART_PULM_MEAN^MDC| |14|266016^MDC_DIM_MMHG^MDC|||||F
OBX|12|NM|149538^MDC_PLETH_PULS_RATE^MDC| |55|264864^MDC_DIM_BEAT_PER_MIN^MDC|||||F
OBX|13|NM|150067^MDC_PRESS_BLD_ATR_LEFT_MEAN^MDC| |4|266016^MDC_DIM_MMHG^MDC|||||F
OBX|14|NM|150087^MDC_PRESS_BLD_VEN_CENT_MEAN^MDC| |12|266016^MDC_DIM_MMHG^MDC|||||F
Note: Extensive message examples on the PCD FTP Site:
ftp://ftp.ihe.net/Patient_Care_Devices/ConnectathonsIncludingProcessAndTesting

26. Subscribe to Patient Data (SPD)

27. PCD Published Profiles Alarm Communication Management
ACM Profile
Alarm Communication Management
Trial Implementation 27

28. Alarm Communication Management (ACM)
enables systems to deliver the right alarms, with the right priority, to the right individuals via devices with the right content, escalating to other individuals via devices (based on system configuration) 28

29. ACM Data Flows . . * Disseminate Alarm  PCD Inputs Output Devices
(PM, NC, Resp,
Pump, etc.)
Output Devices
(Marquee Sign, Pager,
Wi-Fi Phone or Badge, etc.)
Alarm
Reporter AR
Alarm
Management AM
Alarm
Communication AC
* Disseminate Alarm 
Report Alarm 
Dissemination Status *
Alarm
Source
Alarm
Aggregator
Alarm
Receiver
Alarm
Coordinator
Alarm
Disseminator
Alarm
Communication
Alarm
Endpoint
Alarm Status*
Subscribe to Alarm *
Alarm
Reporter .
Gap! .
Alarm
Cache
Report Alarm
Subscribe to Alarm * 
Alarm
Archiver AA
Communication detailed in ACM profile
HIS, EMR
Communication not detailed in ACM profile
*Note: Implementation TBD 29

30. ACM Status Update
Fill Gap: Alarm Manager (AM) to Alarm Communicator (AC)
Define alarm identifier codes (RTM for alarms)
Extend implementation of actors & transactions
Expand to additional IHE domains

31. PCD Published Profiles Point-of-Care Infusion Verification
PIV Profile
Point-of-Care Infusion Verification
Trial Implementation 31

32. PIV Objective
Point-of-Care Infusion Verification supports the electronic transfer of infusion parameters from a Barcode Point of Care (BPOC) system, also known as a Bar Code Medication Administration (BCMA) system, to an infusion pump. 32

33. PIV Workflow Context This is the focus of PIV … only! Nurse Nurse
Pharmacist reviews
Pharmacist reviews
Review
Review
order detail
order detail
eMAR Entry
(Pharmacy
(Pharmacy
System)
System)
Physician reviews
Physician reviews
eMAR updated
eMAR updated
data and places
data and places
Orders
Orders
Nurse Confirms 5
Nurse Confirms 5
Rights:
Rights:
This is the focus of
PIV … only!
Right Patient,
Right Patient,
Medication,
Medication,
Medication
Medication
Medication
Medication
Dose, Time, Route
Dose, Time, Route
Nurse removes
Nurse removes
Dispensed
Dispensed
Administered
Administered
AT THE BEDSIDE
AT THE BEDSIDE
Medication
Medication
from Dispensing
from Dispensing
Unit or Med Room
Unit or Med Room

34. PIV Actors & Data Flows
DEC!

35. PCD Published Profiles
IDCO Profile
Implantable Device – Cardiac – Observation
Trial Implementation

36. IDCO Objective
IDCO specifies the creation, transmission, and processing of discrete data elements and report attachments associated with implantable cardiac device interrogations (observations) or messages. 36

37. Implantable Cardiac Devices
Leads for Sensing
or Delivering
Electrical Therapy 37

38. IDCO Profile Context
Device is interrogated via inductive or wireless telemetry in clinic or home environment using vendor proprietary equipment
Information is transferred to clinic system as structured HL7 v2.6 ORU message using IEEE IDC nomenclature [PCD-09] 38

39. PCD Published Profiles Rosetta Terminology Mapping
RTM Profile
Rosetta Terminology Mapping
Trial Implementation 39

40. Rosetta for Semantic Interoperability40

41. Rosetta for Semantic Interoperability
ISO/IEEE Semantic Standards
Vendor Semantics
IHE PCD Technical Framework Content
HL7 V2 Messages
Vendor A
Vendor Terms
RTM
1400 rows
Harmonized Terms
hRTM
440 terms
HL7 V3 CDA/CCD
Vendor B
11073 PnP Comm
Vendor C
Open consensus process
Observation identifiers and co-constraints
New terms incorporated into standards
hRTM used for conformance testing 41

42. Harmonized Rosetta (hRTM)
Specifies for each IEEE REFID observation identifier:
the MDC and UCUM units-of-measure
includes dimensional analysis to ensure correct ‘units-math’
enumerated values and measurement sites
numeric codes, where appropriate
An extract from the hRTM is shown below:
Group
REFID
DIM
UOM_MDC
UOM_UCUM
CVS_ECG_HR
MDC_ECG_HEART_RATE
T-1
MDC_DIM_BEAT_PER_MIN
{beat}/min {beats}/min 1/min /min
CVS_ECG_ST
MDC_ECG_AMPL_ST_I
ML2I-1T-3 ML2I-1T-3
MDC_DIM_MILLI_VOLT MDC_DIM_MICRO_VOLT MDC_DIM_MILLI_M#
mV  uV (added by scripting rule)  mm# (voted “off-the-island”)
GASMON_AA_ENFL
MDC_CONC_ENFL_ET
L3L-3 LMT-2L-2 LMT-2L-2
MDC_DIM_VOL_PERCENT MDC_DIM_KILO_PASCAL MDC_DIM_MMHG
%{vol}  kPa  mm[Hg] 

43. RTM & hRTM Highlights
Unified semantics and semantic model are essential prerequisites for safe and effective interoperability between devices and systems.
The hRTM rigorously defines what may be sent and informs recipients of what they may expect to receive. For each observation identifier, the hRTM specifies the units-of-measure, enumerated values, measurement sites and other co-constraints.
The hRTM is based on the ISO/IEEE standards and leverages and extends that work by using an open consensus process.
The hRTM is publicly available for IHE PCD clinical devices and will be available shortly for IEEE personal health devices.
The hRTM supports message conformance testing frameworks that can be used for both clinical and personal health devices.

44. PCD Emerging Profiles Emerging Profiles
Waveform Communication Management (WCM)
Medical Equipment Management (MEM)
Event Communication
Device Point-of-Care Integration (DPI)
Real Time Location Tracking
Real-time data archiving and communication
Mobile, enterprise-wide, reliable vital signs monitoring
… many more! 44

45. Device Point-of-Care Integration
PCD Emerging Profiles
Device Point-of-Care Integration
[DPI] 45

46. Device Point-of-Care Integration
DPI: Scope –
Device Point-of-care Integration (DPI) is concerned with use cases that include care contexts that fall within the stated charter of the IHE PCD, namely where "at least one actor is a regulated patient centric point-of-care medical device," and that require device-to-device communication.

47. Device Point-of-Care Integration
Enterprise Integration
Real-Time
Clinical Decision Support
Point-of-Care
Applications
Device Reporting, Management & Control
Semantic Interoperability
Monitored Parameters
Alarms & Limits
Waveforms (Real-Time)
Control Parameters
Real-Time
Closed / Open
Loop Control
Device Point-of-Care Integration
Discovery and Association (PnP)
Real-Time Data Reporting
Bi-Directional / Symmetric
External Control
DPI Manager / Enterprise Gateway

48. PCD Emerging Profiles Medical Equipment Management [MEM] Imagine …
What if I.T. & device vendors gave me EVERYTHING I ever wanted?! 48

49. MEM (Medical Equipment Management)49

50. MEM Status 2009 – White Paper Ongoing work
Cycle 5 Brief Profile Proposal
Real Time Location Tracking
Location Boundary Alarms
Battery Management
Semantic Content Requirements

51. Waveform Communication Management [WCM]
PCD Emerging Profiles
Waveform Communication Management [WCM] 51

52. Waveform Communication Management
WCM Objective
Waveform Communication Management
will extend the [DEC] profile to provide a method for passing near real-time waveform data using HL7 v2 observation messages between a Reporter and a Consumer.
A filter will be an optional element 
STATUS:
Supplement currently undergoing TC review

53. Continua / IHE PCD WAN Interface
Devices
Aggregation Manager
Telehealth Service Center
Health Records
PAN
LAN
WAN
HRN
Personal Area Network
Local Area Network
Wide Area Network
Health Reporting Network 53

54. Continua/IHE PCD DEC WAN
Messaging
HL7 V2.6 constrained by
IHE DEC PCD-01 and RTM .
Semantics
IEEE and 104xx terms
IEEE terms and –10201 info model
Message Transport
Web Services WS-I BP
IHE IT Infrastructure TF Vol 2 Appendix V Rev 6.0
WS-I BP over SOAP 1.2
Plus WSI-BSP, TLS and IHE ATNA
HL7 MLLP
IHE HL7 V2 Msg Transport
HL7 Minimum Lower Layer Protocol (MLLP) over TCP/IP
(beyond the firewall)
(behind the firewall)
Note: This is new to the IHE PCD … not IHE ITI … test tooling, test scripts, etc.

55. PCD & ASTM “ICE”/CIMIT MDPnP
ICE-PCD Analysis Committee (ICE-PAC) – JWG underway to perform a map & gap analysis between “ICE” use case analyses, ISO/IEEE standards & the IHE DPI WG.
(From ICE-PAC Overview Update to IHE PCD)

56. RDC Project ~ Building on Clinical Requirements
Risk
Analysis
System
Modeling
Technical
Solution and
Clinical
Implementation
Design Engineers
Clinical Engineers
Scenario
Workflow
Clinicians
Gathering Requirements from Clinical System
Providing Traceability of System Requirements
Provide Systems Level Risk Analysis
Provides Traceability to Mitigating Risk
Designing for the System, not modifying the system
causing unintended consequences
General Building Blocks and Interactions
between the blocks are key to Safety
If General Building Blocks make up Specific Systems
then Systems are safe 56

57. Monitor Device Configuration / Status
RDC Project ~ Logical Actors / Intermediary Architecture
Rapid Device
Configurator
DOC/manager
Monitor Device Configuration / Status
Auto-Configure Device (external control)
DTBR
DOR/agent DR
DOR/agent
Clinician Reviews / Manually Configures Device via User Interface
Logically, the actors are relatively simple. DTBR must supply configuration & status info to the RDC. The RDC also retrieves configuration (static & operational) from the DR + interacts with the clinician, especially to resolve non-compatibility DTBR-to-DR issues; RDC may also automatically program the DR if supported; otherwise, it may monitor DR configuration status as the clinician interacts both with it and the DR (manually configuring / confirming). 57

58. IHE Patient Care Devices - Overview and Update
Devices and Interoperability
Medical Devices - Not a Simple Problem!!
IHE PCD – Overview
IHE PCD – Profiles
IHE PCD – Testing and Demonstrations
Getting to Yes!!
Questions & Answers 58

59. IHE Standards Adoption Process
Testing at Connectathons
IHE Demonstrations
Develop technical specifications
Products with IHE
Identify available standards (e.g. HL7, DICOM, IEEE, IETF)
Improved safety, quality & efficiency!
Easy to integrate products
Document Use Case Requirements 59 59

60. Locked in the … dungeon?!

61. IHE Technical Framework (IHE Profile Specifications)
IHE Testing Process
In-House
Testing
Demonstration
Deploy
Systems
Testing Results
Approves
Test Logs
IHE Technical Framework (IHE Profile Specifications)
Product + Integration Statement
Users
Sponsors: Project Management Team
Vendors
Sponsors:
Exhibits
Implement Profile Actors
Develop Testing Tools
Connectathon
Interview

62. Conformance Testing of an HL7 V2 Message
NIST Tools: Instance System Test Environment
Conformance Testing of an HL7 V2 Message
Report
Test Artifacts
Conformance Profile
HL7 Tables
‘Device’ Test Agents
ISO/IEEE 11073/Rosetta Terminology
HL7 V2
Message
Validation
Services
Test Management
HL7 V2 Message
Validation Test Case
Results
Validation Report
Test Harness
(Java Code)
Test Execution
User
Web
Application
Client
Registry/
Repository
See NIST HL7-PCD Validation 62

63. NIST Tools: Isolated System Test Environment
IHE-PCD Testing using a Web Application Client
Report
IHE-PCD
DOR/DOF
Test Agent
HL7 V2
Message
Generation
DOC
Validation
Services
Test Management
Router/Logger/Proxy
Vendor
IHE PCD
Device
Application
System Under Test
IHE-PCD Client
Test Scenario
Results
HL7 V2 Message Validation Reports
Test Harness
(Java Code)
Test Execution
Web
Client
IOR AM
IOC AR
IDCC
IDCR 63

64. NIST Tools: Peer-2-Peer Test Environment
A Framework for Building Test Systems—an SOA Approach
Services
Test Management
User
Test Data
Validation
Test
Description
Results
Generation
Test Agent
Test Artifacts
Evaluation Agent
Facilitator
Test
Harness
Test
Analyzer
Report
Time
Test Execution
Logging
Security B
Log Analyzer
Proxy
Monitor
System Under Test
Specialized
Validation
Aggregated Services A
External Services
Other Services
Router/Logger/Proxy
System Under Test 64

65. IHE Standards Adoption Process
Testing at Connectathons
IHE Demonstrations
Develop technical specifications
Products with IHE
Identify available standards (e.g. HL7, DICOM, IEEE, IETF)
Improved safety, quality & efficiency!
Easy to integrate products
Document Use Case Requirements 65 65

66. HIMSS 2010

67. IHE PCD – AAMI Demonstration
Physiologic Monitoring System
CPOE/ Pharmacy System
Clinical Decision Support System
Ventilation/ Anesthesia System
ACM, DEC, WCM
ACM, DEC, WCM
ACM, DEC, WCM
Barcode Medication Administration System
EMR/EHR
Infusion Pump
PIV
ACM, DEC
IDCO
Implantable Device
CIS
DEC
ACM, MEM
ACM, DEC, WCM
Equipment Management
System
Home Based
System
Other Devices
ACM: Alarm Communication Management
DEC: Device Enterprise Communication
IDCO: Implantable Device – Cardiac – Observation
MEM: Medical Equipment Management
PIV: Point-of-Care Infusion Verification
WCM: Waveform Communication Management
AAMI Demo
Current PCD
Future PCD
Future Non- PCD 67

68. HIMSS ’07 IHE PCD Showcase

69. HIMSS ’08 IHE PCD Showcase

70. HIMSS ’09 IHE PCD Showcase70

71. HIMSS ’10 Atlanta
Showcase Floorplan
HIMSS ’10?
Too big for a single diagram!

72. IHE PCD – HIMSS ’10 Wall 1 72

73. IHE PCD – HIMSS ’10 Wall 2 73

74. IHE PCD – HIMSS ’10 Wall 3 74

75. IHE PCD – HIMSS ’10 Wall 4 75

76. IHE Patient Care Devices - Overview and Update
Devices and Interoperability
Medical Devices - Not a Simple Problem!!
IHE PCD – Overview
IHE PCD – Profiles
IHE PCD – Testing and Demonstrations
Getting to Yes!!
Questions & Answers 76

77. Great Expectations? IHE PCD – Vendor value propositions…
Simplify product development process
Spend time innovating rather than supporting infrastucture work – again & again & ...
Facilitate clinical decision support - innovation - increased functionality
Reduce regulatory impact/work
Improve patient safety - reduce liability - make operations easier - device aware 77

78. The Dream … Deferred! Why has it not yet happened?
Incomplete standards … but no longer the case!
Uncoordinated & inconsistent demand from providers and other user stakeholders
Undefined stakeholder value propositions
Resources – esp. for standards–related projects
Dr. Brailer: Infrastructure is a hard sell: Concentrated cost – Diffuse benefit
A business issue – not a lack of technology! 78

79. IHE Patient Care Devices - Overview and Update
Devices and Interoperability
Medical Devices - Not a Simple Problem!!
IHE PCD – Overview
IHE PCD – Profiles
IHE PCD – Testing and Demonstrations
Getting to Yes!!
Questions & Answers 79

80. Find out more at www.ihe.net
Q & A
Find out more at 80