1. Chapter 12 Westward Expansion
Section 4 California & Utah

2. California Gold Rush More than 80,000 people in 1849 alone
These people were called forty-niners
American’s made up 80 %
Others were from Mexico, South America, Europe, Australia and China
Many came by Sea or through the Sierra Nevada mountain range

3. Californios
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo- citizens of the U.S. -guaranteed them rights to their lands.
Land Law of 1851-
Group of people to review land rights.
Californios had to prove ownership
Many lost their lands

4. Life in California Boomtowns – A community with sudden growth
Most forty-niners had no experience
California Gold Rush more than doubled the worlds supply
Very few forty-niners attained lasting wealth
Most found little or no gold
Merchants made huge profits
Levi Strauss- first denim pants

5. California
Little to no police- citizens formed vigilantes- people who take the law into their own hands
Gold Rush lasted few years but had a lasting effect on California
Applied for statehood March 1850 – free state.
Gained statehood 6 months later- after Congress worked out a compromise.

6. Utah Joseph Smith- founded Mormon church 1830 in New York
Believed property should be held in common
Believed he was a prophet to restore the ancient church
New York disapproved of the Mormon Religion

7. Mormon Migration From New York Mormon’s went to Ohio Missouri Illinois
1844 mob in Illinois killed Smith, Brigham Young took over
Young moved the Mormon’s to Utah near Great Salt Lake
Very Harsh terrain no one else lived there

8. Haven in the Desert
12,000 Mormon’s migrated to Utah (largest single migration in American History) 1846
Called the communities: Deseret
Hard work and determination Deseret flourished.

9. Deseret Planned carefully- Built irrigation canals to water farms
Founded industries in order to be self-sufficient
Sold supplies to forty-niners

10. Utah 1848 became apart of U.S. 1850 Utah Territory established
Brigham Young became first governor
Mormons had difficulties
1857 and1858 war almost broke out between Mormons and U.S. Army
Utah became a state in1896

11. West Why was the west attractive to settlers?
Page 377 Cause and Effect Chart
Any ideas?