1. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 1 KULIAH 2 PERKEMBANGAN PERAN SI/TI DALAM ORGANISAS I

2. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 2 Agenda  Strategic Context of IS/IT in Organization  Evolution of IS in Organization  Success Factors of Strategic Information Systems  The Relationship of IS/IT Strategy and Business Strategy  IS/IT Strategy  Competitive Strategy and Its Implication to IS/IT Strategy  SPIS in Indonesia: Local point of view

3. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 3 Strategic Context of IS in Organization  More products available in digital form – Hence e-delivery through an IS (give some examples e- products?)  More commerce takes place electronically (e-commerce- create new opportunities, online transaction)  More activities getting more complex, need various of data and information (data mining, enterprise information systems - ERP)  Interrelatedness of Business activities within and between companies (improve efficiency and productivity)  Technology advancement that can processes data in a large volume in a relatively short time

4. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 4 The Evolution of Information Systems  Year 1960 – Data processing (DP) era  Year 1970 – Management IS (MIS) era  Year 1980 – Strategic IS (SIS-EIS) era  Year 1990 – E-business & e-commerce era  Year 2000 – Enterprise Resource Planning era Each era has different characteristics of IS.

5. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 5 Characteristic of DP Era  Centralized processing  Using multi-purpose Mainframe computer  Batch processing  Data storage: magnetic disk, tape  Programming language: Cobol, Basic, etc.  Automating information-based processes

6. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 6 Characteristics of MIS Era  Introducing minicomputer  Using variety business applications  Still centralized  Used a hierarchical application portfolio model based on a stratification of management activity: – Strategic planning – Management control – Operational control  Increase management effectiveness by satisfying their information requirements for decision making – to help manager

7. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 7 Characteristics of SIS Era  Introducing Personal Computer (PC)  Introducing office automation  Introducing new capabilities: flexible access and decision support  Improving competitiveness by changing the nature or conduct of business (i.e. IS/IT investments can be a source of competitive advantage)

8. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 8 Types of SIS  Those that link the organization to its customers or suppliers to share information  Those that effectively integrate the use of information in the organization value chain  Those that enable the organization to develop new or enhanced products or services based on information  Those that provide managers with better information for strategy development  Example: Tradenet, SABRE (American Airlines), Valuelink (Baxter Healthcare).

9. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 9 Success Factors of SIS  External in nature instead of internal focus: i.e image building  Adding value instead of cost reduction: i.e e-ticket  Sharing the benefits internally and externally: i.e ATM  Understanding customers and their needs: i.e customized product  Business instead of technology driven innovation: i.e covering a wider customers  Incremental instead of total development: i.e web- based application  Using information gained to develop business: i.e learning organization  Exercise your critical thinking by giving more examples to those success factors !!

10. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 10 Trends in the evolution of business IS/IT (source: adapted from R.D. Galliers and E. Somogyi)