1. MILKIT PROJECT IN TANZANIA (Progress January – November 2013)

2. Outline  Introduction  Presentations of progress along MilkIT project objectives 1. Institutional strengthening 2. Productivity enhancement 3. Knowledge sharing  Outlook

3. MilkIT Partners in Tanzania  CIAT – Tropical Forages Program  Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Morogoro  Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) – Tanga Centre  NGOs and development partners coming in o SNV o Heifer Project International o HIMWA o TBD (Tanzania Dairy Board) o TAMPRODA (Tanzania Milk Producers Association)

4. Dairy Value Chain (DVC) development in Tanzania  CRP Livestock & Fish chose DVC in Tanzania  MilkIT works in close collaboration with various R&D projects  Joint planning and operation of activities takes place among several projects 1. More milk in Tanzania (Irish Aid) – MoreMilkiT 2. MilkIT (IFAD) 3. Livestock Data Project (BMGF/WB) 4. SFFF (Safe Food Fare Food; BMZ) 5. African Rising – Feed the Future (USAID)  Several new projects have been funded or are in the pipeline

5. The MilkIT team in Tanzania with MoreMilkiT representatives and attached students

6. Process to arrive at 8 selected MilkIT villages for Innovation Platforms A. Site selection within Tanzania B. Dairy value chain assessment C. Village census (‘Detailed site selection’) per district D. Selection of MilkIT villages for Innovation Platforms E. Baseline study

7. Tanga Region Morogoro Region

8. Figure 1: Spatial distribution of livestock production systems in Tanzania Preliminary version – work in progress

9. Distribution of human population density in Tanzania Figure 3: Distribution of the number of people living on less than $1.25 per day Figure 4: Distribution of the number of people living on less than $2 per day Preliminary version – work in progress

10. Figure 4: Travel time (hr) to the nearest town of 50,000 people in Tanzania Figure 5: Travel time (hr) to local markets Market access Preliminary version – work in progress

11. Figure 11: Bovine feed requirements for milk production in Tanzania Figure 19: Length of growing period (in days) for Tanzania Figure 8: Bovine density in Tanzania Preliminary version – work in progress

12. Figure 15: Surplus - deficit areas for milk in Tanzania Tanga Region Morogoro Region

13. Right: Mixed production systems with high population densities (cut off 25 persons/km 2 ) versus others (arid systems – light green; humid and temperate systems – dark green; others - grey) Rural production – rural consumption Rural production – urban consumption Morogoro Region Kilosa Kilombero Kilosa Kilombero Kilosa Kilombero Coloured areas meet 3 conditions: farming systems, high human population density and low market access (= areas more than 5 hours from large urban centres) Coloured areas meet 3 conditions: farming systems, high human population density and high market access (= areas less than 5 hours from large urban centres)

14. Right: Mixed production systems with high population densities (cut off 25 persons/km2) versus others (arid systems – light green; humid and temperate systems – dark green; others - grey) Coloured areas meet 3 conditions: farming systems, high human population density and low market access (= areas more than 5 hours from large urban centres) Coloured areas meet 3 conditions: farming systems, high human population density and high market access (= areas less than 5 hours from large urban centres) Rural production – rural consumption Rural production – urban consumption Tanga Region Korogwe Handeni Muheza Korogwe Handeni Muheza Korogwe Handeni Muheza

15. Progress along MilkIT Project Components in Tanzania  Component 1. Institutional Strengthening  Component 2. Productivity Enhancement  Component 3. Knowledge Sharing

16. Component 1. Institutional Strengthening – Tanzania 1a.Mechanisms for enhancing innovation capacity through local stakeholder platforms to address dairy value chain constraints. 1b.Approaches for involving local stakeholders in analysis of feed-related aspects of the dairy value chain. 1c.Identification of intervention strategies emerging from dairy value chain analysis.

17. Component 1. Institutional Strengthening  Selection criteria: o High cattle density o Market channels: rural- rural & rural-urban o Farming system o Milk production potential o Accessibility & distance o Potential partners/stakeholders  Site selection: o 4 villages in each region selected o Morogoro: Wami Sokoine & Manyinga (Mvomero district); Twatwatwa & Mbwade (Kilosa) o Tanga: Mbuzii & Ubiri (Lushoto district); Sindeni & Kibaya (Handeni district)

18. 1a.Mechanisms for enhancing innovation capacity through local stakeholder platforms to address dairy value chain constraints. 8 IPs established in Morogoro & Tanga Agreed structure: 30 people Farmers (60%) Stakeholders (40%) Component 1. Institutional Strengthening

19. Process used in establishing Innovation Platforms in Tanzania Morogoro Tanga Kilosa Mvomero HandeniLushoto 12 Regional Platform meetings to implement agreed actions District CMT sensitization FEAST & DVC feedback to villages 345678 IP sensitization meetings IP member election Next step: IPs agree on their functioning guidelines DVC & FEAST conducted at village level

20. 1a. Cont.  District Meetings: o Sharing and synergizing with district plans related to our project activities o Introducing Maziwa Zaidi goal/ identity o All districts agreed to support in the process of establishing IPs Kilosa District MeetingHandeni District Meeting

21. District Meetings – Issues and Action points Mvomero Kilosa  Shortage of land: o Village land use plan in process o Provision of mini ranches  Inadequate markets: o Establishment of more collection centers o Establish more livestock markets for better coverage of district  Shortage of land: o Land use plan in process o Govt’ to recover undeveloped land (incl. from absentee investors)  Inadequate vet services: o Plan to establish ward veterinary centers o Build and rehabilitate dip tanks  Inadequate communi- cation among stakeholders: o Engage Kilosa radio broad- casting to reach stakeholders

22. District Meetings – Issues and Action points Cont. Lushoto Handeni  Inadequate markets: o Milk pricing will be taken care of by the Tanga Dairy Platform o SNV conducts a survey to underscore the governance of primary cooperative societies and processors  Extension & veterinary services: o Plan to recruit and distribute extension staff in every village o Plan to encourage more service providers within the district up to village level  Land availability: o Land use plan is underway o Developed bylaws to prevent invading pastoralists  Insufficient pasture: o Continuous sensitization of pastoralists on options to enhance productivity  Inadequate access to inputs: o 5 AI centres are planned to be established in various sites of the district o More input agents to be encouraged to operate in each ward

23. 1c.Identification of intervention strategies emerging from dairy value chain analysis Constraints from past feed interventions Identified interventions at MilkIT sites  Limited number of adopted feed technologies  High resource costs of technologies in terms of labour and accessibility  Proper packaging and dissemination of technologies is needed  Most limited to intensive smallholder dairy production  In Morogoro so far: o Pasture establishment & management o Demonstration plots o Pasture seed supply o Forage conservation o Training on feeds and feeding o Feeding routine o General cattle husbandry

24. Component 2. Productivity Enhancement Outputs 2a.Strategies for implementing local feed-related innovations emerging from stakeholder platforms with the potential to enhance dairy incomes. 2b.Methods for enhancing diffusion of local feed- related innovations among dairy smallholders with the potential for income benefits through productivity increases. 2c.Strategic lesson learning on appropriate dairy feeding strategies and technologies.

25. 2a. Strategies for implementing local feed-related innovations emerging from stakeholder platforms with the potential to enhance dairy incomes Application of FEAST FEAST Outputs  FEAST training in Morogoro & Tanga regions o 26 participants were trained  FEAST surveys in all 8 villages o 104 Farmers for individual interviews o 306 Farmers in FGDs  FEAST reports compiled from 4 districts o Challenges identified and solutions proposed are possible entry points and mark the pillars for IP functioning. Individual interviewFocus Group Discussion

26. FEAST key results  Seasonality of feed results in seasonal milk production  Grazing is main feed source in extensive system; higher diversity of feed stuffs in semi- intensive/intensive system  FEAST participants did not perceive feeds or feeding as key constraints  Principle constraints identified were land, water and markets for livestock and milk; genetic potential of cattle and livestock diseases; lack of knowledge on animal husbandry Seasonal feed availability in Twatwatwa village, Kilosa District, and Manyinga village, Mvomero District, Morogoro Region

27. FEAST capacity building conducted  Pemba, Tanzania (2012)  Dschang, Cameroon – within AusAID-funded project o University of Dschang and Ministry of Livestock members  Babati, Tanzania – within USAID-funded project o TALIRI researchers and extensionists

28. 2a. Cont.  Forage germplasm established: o TALIRI: legumes and grasses o LITI-Tengeru: legumes and grasses (in collaboraton with Africa-Rising Project)  Other possible seeds and planting materials from sources: Heifer in Lake zone (Brachiaria Mulato) and Stylo & buffel grass from ILRI & CIAT

29. 2b.Methods for enhancing diffusion of local feed-related innovations among dairy smallholders with the potential for income benefits through productivity increases. SiteType of InterventionComments Wami SokoinePasture Demo plot Action learning: forage types, pasture establishment, management and feed conservation BSc student may be involved in data collection as multiple trials will be set; 2 acres area identified ManyingaTraining on proper feed types and feeding, feed conservation and general animal husbandry BSc student for feeding trial to check if animal genetics or feeding is more important for enhancing productivity MbwadeBush encroachment: clearing an area of land, reseed and be a demonstration plot Consultation of rangeland expertise for the particular activity

30. 2c.Strategic lesson learning on appropriate dairy feeding strategies and technologies  From previous projects, needs identified for o Cost-effective feeding technologies, o Proper dissemination approaches, o Creation a sense of ownership and o Continuous training (mindset change) o Appropriate, less technology-based interventions for extensive livestock production systems

31. Component 3. Knowledge Sharing – Tanzania  3a.Mechanisms for sharing knowledge at local and regional levels.  3b.Mechanisms for sharing knowledge across project countries and among global R4D projects.

32. 3a.Mechanisms for sharing knowledge at local and regional levels  MilkIT integration with other players  Tanga regional platform: o Participating in the regular meetings every 3 months  Maziwa week Exhibition: o Introducing the project to national dairy s/holders’ council meeting  Nanenane agricultural Exhibition: o TALIRI Tanga participated Tanga Platform Maziwa week

34. 3a. Cont.  DDF – Tanzania Dairy Development Forum o Set up in February 2013 due to the necessity of concerted collaboration among different stakeholders to further harness the country’s dairy sub-sector o MilkIT is one of the seven projects under the DDF umbrella o Participating in the forum is one significant advance for the project in terms of sharing knowledge, identifying systemic bottlenecks and co-creating solutions via joint planning  Maziwa Zaidi = more milk in Kiswahili o A common goal agreed among the DDF stakeholders

35. Model of interaction of different Innovation Platform levels Village IP Regional Innovation Platform Village IP Goal: Maziwa Zaidi Action research Inter- vention Action research Inter- vention Tanzania DDF District Council Management Team

36. 3a. Cont.  Participation in meetings of other DDF stakeholders: o Morogoro stakeholders meeting (April, 2013) o DDF meeting (August, 2013) o MoreMilkIT: Impact pathways & ML&E workshop (May 2013) o ML&E and planning meeting (September 2013)  Participation of other stakeholders in MilkIT review and planning meetings  Joint steering committee with MoreMilkiT

37. 3b.Mechanisms for sharing knowledge across project countries and among global R4D projects.  Excel Template shared: developed by MilkIT in India o Activities related to IP process are documented o Participants and gender included  Wikispaces shared: o Space to share process with partners and interested ‘outsiders’ o Online database for our reports o Partners are encouraged to use  Annual regional review and planning meetings across MilkIT project

38. Next steps for 2014  IP function guidelines in place & IP’s up and running  Action research implemented  Setting up of regional platform in Morogoro  Attached students to conduct research on o IP performance with emphasis on communication o Feeding strategies o Information flow and knowledge sharing among farmers  Continuous development of DVC in collaboration with other projects  Assist in scaling up the IP model

40. Right: Mixed production systems with high population densities, and low market access versus others (arid systems – light green; humid and temperate systems – dark green; others - grey) Coloured areas meet 3 conditions: farming systems, high human pop density and high market access (= areas more than 5 hours from large urban centres) Coloured areas meet 3 conditions: farming systems, high human pop density and high market access (= areas less than 5 hours from large urban centres) Rural production – rural consumption Rural production – urban consumption Preliminary version – work in progress

41. MilkIT villages in different characterization activities RegionDistrictVillageDomainDVC assess- ment Village census Baseline study TangaLushotoMbuziiR-UXX TangaLushotoUbiriR-UXX TangaHandeniSindeniR-RXXX TangaHandeniKibayaR-RXX MorogoroMvomeroWami-SokoineR-UXX MorogoroMvomeroManyingaR-UXXX MorogoroKilosaTwatwatwaR-RXX MorogoroKilosaMbadeR-RXXX