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Published byApril Parsons Modified over 9 years ago
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Chapter 9 The Human Population
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...we were doing so good for so long.... what happened?
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Revolution(s)! (industrial & scientific...) AGRICULTURE – Increases in food production – Better food distribution & storage PUBLIC HEALTH – Improved sanitation – Clean drinking water – Mass inoculations against disease
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Earth cannot sustain this human population explosion for much longer.
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How BIG will human pop get before...? Demographers use: –Age structure diagrams –Survivorship studies –Fertility rate analysis –Migration....predictions are often wrong...human behavior (not to mention nature!) can be capricious!
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Age structure (population profile)
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Age structure (population profile) Which countries will have a problem caring for their elderly population? Why is Saudi Arabia’s graph so different from Italy’s?
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Population profiles Allow governments/businesses to plan for future demand for goods & services Elementary schools or nursing homes?...baby boomers say nursing homes... Have you heard about the pending Social Security “disaster?”
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Survivorship “% of group members likely to survive to a given age” Type I: most people live to be very old (wealthy countries) Type II: similar death rate at all ages Type III: many children die (poor countries)
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Fertility rate: “# of babies born each year per 1000 women in a given pop” Total fertility rate: “average # of children a woman gives birth to in her lifetime”
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Why did the US pop continue to grow in the ’90s even though the TFR was below the replacement level?
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Life Expectancy The dramatic increase in Earth’s pop in the last 200 years has happened because death rates have declined more rapidly than birth rates.
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Life Expectancy Declining Death Rates - Adequate food - Clean water - Sanitation - Medical advances Declining Infant Mortality - Parents’ access to: Education Food Fuel Clean water THREATS to Life expectancy: AIDS...Tuberculosis...and other density-dependent factors.
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