1. Adressing Floods and Drought in GEF supported TDA/SAPs IWC-7 October 2013 Peter Bjornsen, UNEP-DHI Centre

2. TDASAP Volta BasinX(X) Senegal River BasinXX Lake Chad BasinXX Orange-Senqu River BasinX Danube river BasinXX São Francisco river Basin (DAB)XX Okavango River BasinX Lake Victoria BasinXX Lake TanganyikaXX Lake ShkoderX Pantanal Basin (in portuguese)X Kura River BasinX Lake PeipsiX San Juan River BasinX Bermejo River BasinXX Dnipro River BasinXX Niger River BasinXX Amazon river basin X Tumen River Basin X

3. CausesImpacts Events described Qualitatively Monitoring Flood events*: Above average rainfall, inapropriately used dams, unsustainable agriculture and mining, Illegal diversion of river channels for mining. Droughts : Increased water demand, deforestation, longer dry seasons, lack of transboundary coordination and efficient governance (also for floods). Flood events: Loss of infrastructure, Loss of livelihoods, Droughts: Poverty, Increased migration, Social instability. Land degradation, Biodiversity loss. Coastal ecosystem erosion; Aquatic invasive species; Increased sedimentation, Loss of soil and vegetative cover, Deteriorating water quality. Changes in the overall aggregate volume available, and changes in the temporal and seasonal distribution of water availability observed. Water shortages have become more intense and less predictable. Develop and establish national/ regional land- based activities data and information management system Develop capabilities of GIS use/Monitor supply and quality of water in major rivers/ Volta Basin

4. Climatic variability and change

5. Multiple challenges Floods Irrigation Hydropower Domestic water Drought

6. Why Decision Support Systems? Provide an opportunity to embed IT and analytical tools more thoroughly in WR agencies’ workflow; Provide a technical platform for collaboration internally and externally; The DSS concept matches well with implementation of IWRM processes by WR agencies

7. Real-time SAP TDA Screening and assessment Information management Prevention and mitigation Climate change adaptation Operational forecasting Emergency management

8. Typical Technical Frameworks of DSSs Data, Information & Knowledge Assessment, Analysis and Operation Interactive Communication ….with an array of underlying generic tools

9. Data, Information & knowledge  Linkage to observation networks and data sources;  Formulation of appropriate data collection programs;  Data processing & analysis tools;  Procedures for data transfer & sharing;  Approve / quality control of data / information

10. Main Components of DSSs Assessment and Analysis Assessments of current situation; Evaluating planning scenarios; Climate change impacts & adaptation; Water allocation procedures; Disaster management ;

11. Use of Simulation Models Structured analysis and use of data; Understanding complex cause-effect relationships; Consistent scenario modelling Process oriented models Planning oriented models

12. Main Components of DSSs Interactive Communication (Web) Sharing of data / information ; Publishing plans / reports; Stakeholder involvement; Providing learning tools.

13. Tools Scenario Analysis Scripting Multi Criteria Analysis Time Series Processing GIS Spread Sheets WEB Publishing Simulation codes Data Bridges Access Control Optimisers Scheduling Indicators Visualisation Adapters Down scaling

15. How does DSS fit with IWRM at river basin level ?  Recognition  Identify problems and needs  Public awareness  Assessments  Course of actions  Draft Planning  Coordination  Reaching agreements  Final basin Plan  Implementation  Monitoring & evaluation