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April 5, 2004 Prof. Paul Lin 1 CPET 355 Data Communications & Networking 7. The Application Layer: Domain Name System Paul I-Hai Lin, Professor Electrical.

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Presentation on theme: "April 5, 2004 Prof. Paul Lin 1 CPET 355 Data Communications & Networking 7. The Application Layer: Domain Name System Paul I-Hai Lin, Professor Electrical."— Presentation transcript:

1 April 5, 2004 Prof. Paul Lin 1 CPET 355 Data Communications & Networking 7. The Application Layer: Domain Name System Paul I-Hai Lin, Professor Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology Purdue University, Fort Wayne Campus

2 April 5, 2004 Prof. Paul Lin 2 The Application Layer (TCP/IP-based) Introduction Introduction TCP/IP Application Suites TCP/IP Application Suites DSN – The Domain Name System DSN – The Domain Name System Electronics Mail Electronics Mail The World Wide Web The World Wide Web Other TCP/IP applications? Other TCP/IP applications?

3 April 5, 2004 Prof. Paul Lin 3 Web Site References for Standards W3C World Wide Web Consortium - http://www.w3.org/ W3C World Wide Web Consortium - http://www.w3.org/http://www.w3.org/ Internet Architecture Board (IAB) of Internet Society (http://ww.isoc.org/index.html) Internet Architecture Board (IAB) of Internet Society (http://ww.isoc.org/index.html) Internet Engineering Task Force - http://www.ietf.org/ Internet Engineering Task Force - http://www.ietf.org/http://www.ietf.org/ RFC Pages -http://www.ietf.org/rfc.html RFC Pages -http://www.ietf.org/rfc.htmlhttp://www.ietf.org/rfc.html International Organization for Standardization - http://www.iso.org/iso/en/ISOOnline.frontpage International Organization for Standardization - http://www.iso.org/iso/en/ISOOnline.frontpage http://www.iso.org/iso/en/ISOOnline.frontpage Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers - http://www.icann.org/ Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers - http://www.icann.org/ http://www.icann.org/

4 April 5, 2004 Prof. Paul Lin 4 Request For Comments Working notes of the Internet research and development community Working notes of the Internet research and development community A RFC may be recommended by the IETF to become a standard A RFC may be recommended by the IETF to become a standard Web site that hold archives relate to the Internet and IETF Web site that hold archives relate to the Internet and IETF

5 April 5, 2004 Prof. Paul Lin 5 TCP/IP Applications Telnet: Remote Login (RFC 854) Telnet: Remote Login (RFC 854) TFTP: Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP: Trivial File Transfer Protocol FTP: File Transfer Protocol (RFC 959) FTP: File Transfer Protocol (RFC 959) File Access using NFS (Network File Systems) and RPC (Remote Procedure Call) File Access using NFS (Network File Systems) and RPC (Remote Procedure Call)

6 April 5, 2004 Prof. Paul Lin 6 TCP/IP Applications Telnet: Remote Login (RFC 854) Telnet: Remote Login (RFC 854) TFTP: Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP: Trivial File Transfer Protocol FTP: File Transfer Protocol (RFC 959) FTP: File Transfer Protocol (RFC 959) File Access using NFS (Network File Systems) and RPC (Remote Procedure Call) File Access using NFS (Network File Systems) and RPC (Remote Procedure Call)

7 April 5, 2004 Prof. Paul Lin 7 The Domain Name System The Need for Unique Name Spaces The Need for Unique Name Spaces Binding the names and IP addressesBinding the names and IP addresses Flat name space (no structure, a flat table)Flat name space (no structure, a flat table) Hierarchical name space (tree type: root, node)Hierarchical name space (tree type: root, node) The DNS Purpose: The DNS Purpose: mapping host names and e-mail destinations to IP addressesmapping host names and e-mail destinations to IP addresses Map domain names onto resource recordsMap domain names onto resource records Resource Record (five-tuple) Resource Record (five-tuple) Domain_name Time_to_liveClassTypeValue

8 April 5, 2004 Prof. Paul Lin 8 The Domain Name System A hierarchical, domain-based naming scheme, and a distributed database system A hierarchical, domain-based naming scheme, and a distributed database system A distributed Internet directory service A distributed Internet directory service RFC 1034 – Domain Name: Concepts & Facilities, 1987 RFC 1034 – Domain Name: Concepts & Facilities, 1987 RFC 1035 – Domain Name: Implementation and Specification, 1987 RFC 1035 – Domain Name: Implementation and Specification, 1987

9 April 5, 2004 Prof. Paul Lin 9 Domain Name Space Each node in the DNS tress has a “Label” Each node in the DNS tress has a “Label” A domain is a subtree of the domain name space A domain is a subtree of the domain name space Each node has a “Domain Name” Each node has a “Domain Name” ICANN (www.icann.org) Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ICANN (www.icann.org) Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numberswww.icann.org

10 April 5, 2004 Prof. Paul Lin 10 Distribution of Domain Name Two Top Level Domains before year 2000: Generic and Countries Two Top Level Domains before year 2000: Generic and Countries In Nov. 2000, ICANN approved In Nov. 2000, ICANN approved Four new general purpose top-level domains:Four new general purpose top-level domains: biz (business), info (information), name (people’s name), pro (professions) biz (business), info (information), name (people’s name), pro (professions) Three specialized top-level domains:Three specialized top-level domains: aero (aerospace industry), coop (co-operatives), and museum aero (aerospace industry), coop (co-operatives), and museum

11 April 5, 2004 Prof. Paul Lin 11 Domain Name Space The Country Domain - ISO 3166 The Country Domain - ISO 3166 Top-Level Domain Name Examples (Generic) Top-Level Domain Name Examples (Generic) com - commercialcom - commercial edu- educational institutionsedu- educational institutions org- nonprofit organizationsorg- nonprofit organizations net- network providersnet- network providers gov- the U.S. federal governmentgov- the U.S. federal government mil- the U.S. armed forcesmil- the U.S. armed forces int- certain international organizations, www.un.intint- certain international organizations, www.un.int www.un.int

12 April 5, 2004 Prof. Paul Lin 12 Domain Name Space Top-Level Countries Domain (http://www.iana.org/cctld/cctld-whois.htm) Top-Level Countries Domain (http://www.iana.org/cctld/cctld-whois.htm)http://www.iana.org/cctld/cctld-whois.htm us- U.S.us- U.S. mx- Mexicomx- Mexico tw- Taiwantw- Taiwan kr- Koreankr- Korean Jp- JapanJp- Japan nl- Netherlandsnl- Netherlands br- Brazilbr- Brazil

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