1. Yves Poppe Dir, Liaison R&E networks and institutions. PacRim Transpac meeting Honolulu February 2002 Evolution of intra/trans Pacific capacity

2. The battle of the Pacific Capacity coming onlineGbps* RFS l TPC-5 (club) 20 20 dec98 l China-US (club) 20 80jan 01 l PC-1 (Global Crossing & Marubeni) 80 640 apr01 l Japan-US (club) 80 640 oct01 l Tycom Pacific 360 7.680 ** 2Q02? l FP-1 FLAG Pacific 160 5,120***2Q02 l 360 Pacific4,800***3Q02 l JNAC MoU US-Can-Jp-Ch-Kor-Tw5,120****2Q04? l total 9,060 * = Design capacity ** = april: Tycom joins FLAG aug 8 th 01: FLAG withdraws, Tycom continues alone ***= project dropped ****=financing not completed

3. Transpacific cables up to end 2001 TPC-5: 2x2x5=20 China-US: 4x8x2.5=80 Japan-US: 4x16x10=640 (80) PC1: 4x16x10 (80 as of apr 01) SC: 3x16x10= 480 (60)

4. East-Asia cable systems

5. APCN Feb 97 10Gb Planned 2001/2002: -APCN2 160Gb-2.56Tb -C2C 160Gb-7.68Tb -EAC 80Gb-2.56Tb

6. APCN2 Design capacity: 4pairs x 64 wavelenghts x 10gig = 2.56Tb at RFS : 160Gb

7. C2C Design capacity : 8x96x10=7.68Tb at RFS : 460Gb

8. EAC Design capacity: 4x64x10=2.56Tb at RFS: 80Gb

9. Central Asia submarine cables i2i Mumbai – Chennai Singapore 3Q02 160Gb initially; 8.12Tb design capacity Will offer considerable capacity between indian subcontinent and Far-East Affordable high capacity toward Europe still lacking Chennai ChennaiChennai

10. The R&E Community benefits from the cornucopia with steady budgets. l TRANSPAC network went from 155mb to 2x622mb l AARnet buys its own IRU from Australia to Seattle l NREN direct STM-1s to USA l SURFnet takes first 2.5gb lambda in service on Jan 10th 2002 linking Netherlight and STARlight l UKERNA and Dante will each put 2.5gig connections in service in 1stQ02 l CERN will put 2.5gb lambda in service summer 2002 l Dante builds Geant with 10gig core with budget foreseen for 2.5gig core l Ca*net4 OC192 backbone for C$18million

11. BCE Teleglobes GlobeSystem sm Network

12. R R Lake Cowichan Node CERNET Beijing MIMOS Kuala Lumpur DesLaurentides Node Pennant Point Node R R New York City 60 Hudson Node NORDUnet Stockholm UKERNA London SURFNET Amsterdam New York City 25 Broadway Node L A N Univ. of Costa Rica San Jose CERNET ESnet vBNS NREN Teleglobe Internet MIRNet Moscow CANARIE Montreal. of Kuwait Customer Managed Router Backbone Router ATM Switch R KEY:. MUA Bangkok Abilene MIMOS Kuala Lumpur R Los Angeles Node Teleglobe ATM Multicast Internet eXchange Pennsauken R DANTE London STAR TAP KISTI. Onet Ontario RISQ Quebec TELEGLOBE R&E network connections MUA BCnet BELnet R Un of Kuwait NCA R R UNAM Mexico HEAnet CERIST Transpac STARLIGHT

13. 100 BaseT Ethernet (IP traffic to all customers on DVB aggregated) DVB Carrier 48 Mbps Teleglobe Router Teleglobe Internet Traffic Shaper DVB Modulator DVB Gateway DVB Indoor Unit LNB ISP Router PID Packet Identifiers (PIDs) are virtual channels PID Direct Video Broadcast : R&E access for countries with less developped infrastructures University A University B University C University D

14. 12-18 months planning horizon Transpacific: l No new cables likely l Lit capacity will be increased depending on market conditions – prices likely to stabilize Intrapacific: l With APCN2, EAC and C2C: room for price declines l Backhaul and local loop costs will remain a problem. Asia R&E connectivity: l 2.5gig Transpac capacity likely l Hyunhai/Genkai project extended to China l Japan, China, Taiwan direct 2.5gigs to USA? l India will be able to join. l Divide between bandwidth rich and bandwidth poor APAN members could persist