1. Towards participatory approaches to a Multiscale European Soil Information System Nicola Filippi, Panagos Panos, Borut Vrscaj EUROPEAN COMMISSION JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE Institute for Environment and Sustainability First Workshop on European Reference Grids (EuroGrid-2003)

2. 1.RATIONALE OF THE PROJECT A network of Centres of Excellence in Soil Science Soil data ESB Network1:1M Soil Database

3. 1.Rationale of the Project Extension of the 1:1M Soil Database to the Russian Federation and the Mediterranean

4. Soil 1.Rationale of the project

5. Soil Geographical Database of Europe World Soil and Terrain Database Soil Monitoring Sites Catchment Information System FAO EU Member States Regions Communes Global assessments Precision farming 1 : 5,000,000 1 : 1,000,000 1 : 250,000 1 : 50,000 1 : 5000 Different scales give answers to different questions 1.Rationale of the project Georeferenced Soil Database of Europe Towards a nested European soil information system

6. 1.Rationale of the project Multiple functions of soil Food and other biomass production Storage, filtering, and transformation Habitat and gene pool Physical and cultural environment for mankind Source of raw materials Monitoring Agriculture with Remote Sensing programme enhanced the European 1:1M Soil Database

7. 1.Rationale of the Project Erosion Decline in organic matter Soil contamination Soil sealing Soil compaction Decline in soil biodiversity Salinisation Floods and landslides http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/agriculture/soil_protection.htm Threats to soil as identified in COM(2002) 179 ‘Towards a Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection’

8. 1. Rationale for the Project Advisory Forum Chair DG ENV Stakeholders meetings Chair DG ENV TWG 1 Monitoring TWG 2 Erosion TWG 3 Organic matter TWG 4 Contamination ISWG = Interservice Working Group TWG = Technical Working Group Commission ISWG Chair DG ENV Technical co-ordination group and secretariat Chair DG ENV TWG5 Research Soil Policy Development Organisational Set-up

9. 2.WHY A GRID? Soil Geographical DatabaseSoil Monitoring Sampling points What is a grid? A network of lines that cross over each other: - to make a set of pixels - to locate points SPACETIME The future European System of Soil Data

10. Reasons for shifting to grid (pixels) 1.End users are mostly using grid data 2. Copyright issues are simpler 3. Updating and maintenance is simplified 4. Implementing the Nested European Soil Database is facilitated 2.Why a grid?

11. 3.MAJOR CARACTERISTICS OF THE GRIDS How to increase the integration among existing grids? National Soil Monitoring National Soil Surveys Reporting policy relevant soil data aggregated by administrative units EU Soil Monitoring (ICP Forest+LUCAS,etc.) Georeferenced Soil Database for Europe Soil Mapping Unit (Soilscape) Normalised Statistical Unit Towards future flow of soil information in Europe

12. Comparison Statistics for all Europe Statistics for grid points Soil Land cover Grid 4. Does the grid meet our needs?

13. Organic Carbon ContentData sources Soil type Land cover Temperature Rasterization Spatial layers derived by rasterization of a Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) model with weighted distance interpolation Soil type Temperature 5.LINK YOUR PROJECT WITH OTHER DATA (raster layers of 1km grid size) 5.LINK YOUR PROJECT WITH OTHER DATA (raster layers of 1km grid size)

14. Temperature SOIL DATA POLYGON : IN RASTER FORM / GRIDS  vector PONT : SAMPLING IN REGULAR or RANDOM LOCATIONS

15. Temperature TYPES OF SOIL DATA Soil Maps VECTOR  THEMATIC MAP – RASTER DATA; GRIDED DATA Soil Profiles POINT - RANDOM Soil Pollution… various monitoring prj. POINT - REGULAR GRID datasets

16. 1 – RANDOM - REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLING Soil profiles  chemical & physical soil properties (CONTINUOUS PROCESS) Temperature SAMPLING SOILS – SOIL MONITORING 2 – REGULAR GRID SAMPLING MANY? national soil monitoring projects Pollution (heavy metals, pesticides…)

17. SAMPLING SOILS – REGULAR GRID EXAMPLE: Monitoring soil pollution in Slovenia: 4x4km predefined sampling points,regular grid National projection: Gaus-Krueger, 5 th zone, Bessel… Standard report - 1 st page Location data Interpreted location data - heavy metals in soil

18. SAMPLING SOILS – REGULAR GRID Sampling patternSampling depths Example:

19. Temperature SAMPLING SOILS IN REGULAR GRID Raster processing of data SAMPLED IN REGULAR GRID geostatistics … …merging with vector derived data – properties… …evaluation…  state of the environment… Zn in soil (0-5cm) Areas of warning concentrations Areas of critical concentrations

20. Temperature RASTER PROCESSING OF VECTOR DATA RASTER PROCESSING  GRIDS! Many advantages  MODELLING Pollution, Soil Sealing Erosion, Land Use, Flood risk… Soil data and: -EO / RS data; -DEM & DEM derived; -Weather; -Lithology -Land-use; -….

21. Temperature GRID PROCESSING OF VECTOR DATA I EXAMPLE: RASTERISED SOIL MAP: 3D RASTER MODELLING

22. Temperature GRID PROCESSING OF VECTOR DATA I MODELLING: IMPROVING SOIL DATA:  GEOGRAPHIC  SEMANTIC ?!?

23. Temperature WHERE TO MEET VARIOUS SOIL DATA: DATA OF VECTOR ORIGIN POINT - SAMPLING IN REGULAR GRID POINT - SAMPLING IN RANDOM GRID RECOMMENDATION?: TO PROCESS SOIL DATA AND NON-SOIL REGULAR GRID BASED DATA IN A RASTER FORMAT ?

24. Temperature WHERE TO MEET Thank You

25. Soil inventoriesSoil monitoring SPACETIME National soil surveys MAJOR CARACTERISTICS OF THE GRIDS How to increase the integration among existing grids? 3.How to increase the integration among existing grids?

26. Soil x Land-Cover Europe Grid-points Bd x 31 4.9% 5.2% Lo x 21 3.8% 4.0% Be x 21 3.0% 3.2% Bk x 23 2.6% 2.8% … … Comparison of the frequencies of distributions Soil x Corine Land Cover Relative frequencies All Europe Grid-points 4.Does the grid meet our needs?