1. COST Action 724 Space Weather Brussels November 24, 2003

3. Solar activity (Rz) 1850 - 2002 Ampligrams & Time Scale Spectra

4. Solar Activity (Rz) 1850 - 2002 Ampligrams & Time Scale Spectra

5. COST Action 724 Space Weather Brussels November 24, 2003

6. Solar activity --> Solar wind E --> North Atlantic Oscillation --> T Power industry interested

7. ESA GIC Pilot Project

8. COST Action 724 Space Weather Brussels November 24, 2003

13. The October 14 -November 6 events: It all started with no sunspots No sunspots (R=24) Aurora observed in Southern Sweden (Gothenburg, Lund) Media got interested SOHO/MDI far side images had told me Large ARs were to come

14. Many radio and newspaper interviews followed and AR 484 entered

15. Then came the AR 486, October 28 event Even more interviews Warnings and reports were sent to power industry Discussions with power operators

16. The October 28 halo CME arrived at 05 UT 29/10 (quickly Bz>0) Effected transformer. GIC ≈ 173A

17. Then arrived the October 29 halo CME at 17 UT 30/10 Power systems effected, power outage 20:07 in Malmö GICs > 200 A were measured (downloading data) Discussions with operators during the storm. They made adjustments but not enough

18. The power failure got enormous media attention in Sweden Every TV, radio station and newspaper had something

19. Och sen ….X28 solar flare November 4!!