1. Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy
Chapter4: Psychoanalytic Therapy
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

2. Questions
What kinds of connections do you have regarding psychoanalytic therapy?
What is your thoughts and attitude regarding psychoanalytic therapy?
Which parts of psychoanalytic therapy do you like or dislike? Why?
Strengths and limitations of psychoanalytic therapy?
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

3. The Development of Personality
1. ORAL STAGE First year
Related to later mistrust and rejection issues
2. ANAL STAGE Ages 1-3
Related to later personal power/control issues
3. PHALLIC STAGE Ages 3-6
Related to later sexual attitudes
4. LATENCY STAGE Ages 6-12
A time of socialization
5. GENITAL STAGE Ages 12-60
Sexual energies are invested in life
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

4. The Structure of Personality
THE ID — The Demanding Child (biological component, unconsciousness)
Ruled by the pleasure principle
THE EGO — The Traffic Cop (psychological component)
Ruled by the reality principle
THE SUPEREGO — The Judge (social component)
Ruled by the moral principle
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

5. The Unconscious Clinical evidence for postulating the unconscious:
Dreams
Slips of the tongue
Posthypnotic suggestions
Material derived from free-association
Material derived from projective techniques
Symbolic content of psychotic symptoms
NOTE: consciousness is only a thin slice of the total mind
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

6. Ego-Defense Mechanisms
Are normal behaviors which operate on an unconscious level and tend to deny or distort reality
Help the individual cope with anxiety and prevent the ego from being overwhelmed
Have adaptive value if they do not become a style of life to avoid facing reality
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

7. View of human nature Deterministic:
Behavior is determined by irrational forces, unconscious motivation, and biological and instinctual drives.
The first 6 years of life
Libido: a source of motivation and energy
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

8. Therapeutic Goals Make the unconscious conscious Strengthen the ego
Explore past to increase self-understanding and gain insight
Successful analysismodification of the individual’s personality.
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

9. Therapist’s function and role
Little self-disclosure to foster a transference relationship
Help clients to achieve self-awareness, deal with anxiety, gain control, make unconscious conscious, and understand “why” for their symptoms
Building relationship, listening, interpretation, and paying attention on resistances
The role of clients’ readiness to change
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

10. Therapeutic Relationship
Working though the transference relationship
Understanding the old pattern, connecting to current issues, and making new choices
Reactions is not equal to transferences
Contertransference reaction as a therapeutic tool to understand the world of the clients
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

11. Activity Free association activity
Write 5 minutes whatever come to your mind for the following topic
1. Free association about your dream OR
2. Pick up an animal (e.g., Bird) and then write any thoughts in you mind
Any themes?
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

12. Psychoanalytic Techniques
Free Association
Client reports whatever comes to mind
Open doors to unconscious wishes, fantasies, conflicts, and motivation.
Dream Analysis
Therapist uses the “royal road to the unconscious” to bring unconscious material to light
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

13. Psychoanalytic Techniques
Interpretation
Therapist points out, explains, and teaches the meanings of whatever is revealed
Guidelines
Close to conscious awareness
Go only as deep as the client is able to go
Point out resistance or defense before interpreting the emotion or conflict that lies beneath it
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

14. Transference and Countertransference
The client reacts to the therapist as he did to an earlier significant other
This allows the client to experience feelings that would otherwise be inaccessible
ANALYSIS OF TRANSFERENCE — allows the client to achieve insight into the influence of the past
Countertransference
The reaction of the therapist toward the client that may interfere with objectivity
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

15. Resistance Resistance Analysis of Resistance
Anything that works against the progress of therapy and prevents the production of unconscious material
Analysis of Resistance
Helps client become aware of the reasons for the resistance (e.g., avoiding pain or anxiety)
Helps the client to see that canceling appointments, fleeing from therapy prematurely, etc., are ways of defending against anxiety
These acts interfere with the ability to accept changes which could lead to a more satisfying life
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

16. Psych-dynamic Approach
Object Relations theory
Self Psychology
Interpersonal psychdynamic approach
Core Conflictual Relationship Theme (CCRF)……
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

17. Core Conflictual Relationship Theme
Wish
What a person wants and wishes in relationships
The Response of the Other (RO)
how a person anticipates others will respond or how the others actually respond
The Response of Self (RS)
client’s affective. Cognitive, and behavioral response in relationship situations
What’s your feelings? (affective)
What’s your thoughts? (cognitive)
What do you do? (behavioral)
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

18. Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction
Attachment Anxiety
Attachment Avoidance
Shame
Loneliness
Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction
-.43***
-.32***
.20**
.37***
-.46***
.05
-.75***
Depression
.13***
.09***
.32***
-.64***

19. Psychoanalytic Therapy From a multicultural perspective
Contribution to multicultural counseling
Help clients to build ego and cultural identity
Help therapists become aware their own source of contertransference, bias, prejudices, and stereotypes.
Limitations for multicultural counseling
Cost, Upper- and middle-class values
Ambigurity (vs. Asian prefers structured and concrete solution)
Blame clients vs. blame external factors (social, cultural, or political factors)
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4

20. Summary Contributions of Psychoanalytic approach
Limitations of psychoanalytic approach
Case of Stan and Ruth
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy - Chapter 4